1. Q1Open question

    A's father's wife's only daughter is B. How is A related to B?

    1. Nephew
    2. Cousin
    3. Sibling
    4. Uncle
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Sibling

    Explanation

    B is the daughter of A's mother, so A and B are siblings.

  2. Q2Open question

    A is the wife of B. B is the brother of C. C is the father of D. How is A related to D?

    1. Aunt
    2. Mother
    3. Sister-in-law
    4. Grandmother
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) Aunt

    Explanation

    B is D's uncle, so B's wife A is D's aunt.

  3. Q3Open question

    Select the letters that can replace the question marks (?) in the following series. K, M, O, ?, S, U, ?, Y

    1. Q, X
    2. Q, W
    3. P, W
    4. R, W
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Q, W

    Explanation

    Letters move +2: K M O Q S U W Y.

  4. Q4Open question

    Choose the odd one:

    1. 2, 4, 8
    2. 3, 9, 27
    3. 5, 25, 125
    4. 4, 16, 36
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) 4, 16, 36

    Explanation

    The others are n, n², n³; 4, 16, 36 is not (4³ = 64).

  5. Q5Open question

    If 'X' means '+', 'Y' means '−', 'Z' means '×', and 'W' means '÷', what is the value of the following expression? 15 W 3 X 2 Y 4 = ?

    1. 1
    2. 3
    3. 5
    4. 7
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) 3

    Explanation

    15 ÷ 3 + 2 − 4 = 3.

  6. Q6Open question

    Complete the pattern: 120, 96, 76.8, 61.44, ?

    1. 60.27
    2. 78.91
    3. 47.89
    4. 49.152
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) 49.152

    Explanation

    Each term × 0.8: 61.44 × 0.8 = 49.152.

  7. Q7Open question

    Select the letter-cluster that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series. YMW, VJT, SGQ, PDN, ?

    1. TYD
    2. HGF
    3. MJH
    4. MAK
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) MAK

    Explanation

    Each letter moves −3: PDN → MAK.

  8. Q8Open question

    Ten persons are sitting in two parallel rows containing five persons each, with equal distance between adjacent persons. Line 1: Five men (A-E) are seated and all of them are facing South. Line 2: Five women (M-Q) are seated and all of them are facing North. D is opposite to M. M is at one of the extreme ends of Line 2. O is at the center position of Line 2. Who is second to the right of M in Line 2 (facing North)?

    1. O
    2. M
    3. A
    4. N
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) O

    Explanation

    With M at the left end facing North, second to her right is the centre seat, occupied by O.

  9. Q9Open question

    Which of the following is/are identical to the address given: Sunil Kumar 21/4, Ashok Vihar, Delhi, 110052 1. Sunil Kumar 21/4, Ashok Vihar, Delhi, 1100522 2. Sunil Kumar 21/4, Ashok Vihar, Delhi, 110052 3. Sunil Kumar 21/4, Ashok Vihar, New Delhi, 110052 4. Sunil Kumar 21/4, Ashok Vihar, Delhi, 110053

    1. 1 Only
    2. 3 Only
    3. 2 Only
    4. 4 Only
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) 2 Only

    Explanation

    Only address 2 matches exactly.

  10. Q10Open question

    A group of three letter-number-symbol items is given in each option. Identify the group that does NOT follow the same pattern as the others.

    1. Z1$ : Y2# : X3@
    2. W4% : V5^ : U6&
    3. T7* : S8( : R9)
    4. Q10$ : P11$ : 012$
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) Q10$ : P11$ : 012$

    Explanation

    In the others letters go back by one, numbers rise by one and symbols differ; (d) repeats '$' and has '0' instead of a letter.

  11. Q11Open question

    Find the option that best completes the analogy. CAB : EDF :: GIH : ?

    1. JKL
    2. KJI
    3. ILL
    4. JLI
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) ILL

    Explanation

    Shifts +2, +3, +4: G→I, I→L, H→L gives ILL.

  12. Q12Open question

    Select the letter-cluster that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series: RBEH, RGOW, RLYL, RQIA, ?

    1. RVSP
    2. RVSH
    3. RVHS
    4. RSVP
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) RVSP

    Explanation

    R is fixed; the 2nd letter moves +5 (Q→V), the 3rd +10 (I→S), the 4th +15 (A→P): RVSP.

  13. Q13Open question

    Introducing a boy, a girl says, "He is the son of my mother's only son." Who is the boy to the girl?

    1. Brother
    2. Son
    3. Nephew
    4. Cousin
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Nephew

    Explanation

    Her mother's only son is her brother; his son is her nephew.

  14. Q14Open question

    Select the letter-cluster that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series: CDEF, CKSA, CRGV, CYUQ, ?

    1. CEHK
    2. CFHK
    3. CFHL
    4. CFIL
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) CFIL

    Explanation

    C is fixed; the other letters move +7, +14, +21: Y→F, U→I, Q→L gives CFIL.

  15. Q15Open question

    Each of the letters in the word CONTRAST is arranged in alphabetical order. How many letters are there in the English alphabetical series between the letter that is first from the left and the one that is fifth from the right in the new letter-cluster formed?

    1. 10
    2. 13
    3. 15
    4. 11
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) 13

    Explanation

    ACNORSTT: 1st is A, 5th from right is O; between A (1) and O (15) are 13 letters.

  16. Q16Open question

    Find the option that best completes the analogy. DP : XZ :: EN : ?

    1. YZ
    2. YB
    3. ZB
    4. YX
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) YX

    Explanation

    First letter +20 (D→X, E→Y), second letter +10 (P→Z, N→X): YX.

  17. Q17Open question

    A specific rearrangement pattern is applied to the first word to form the second. Apply the same pattern to the third word. AROUND : RAUODN :: GROUND : ?

    1. RGUODN
    2. NDOOGR
    3. OUNDGR
    4. DNUURG
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) RGUODN

    Explanation

    Adjacent pairs are swapped: GR-OU-ND → RG-UO-DN.

  18. Q18Open question

    Which of the following addresses are identical to each other: 1. S. Iyer 17-D, Coral Residency, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014 2. S. Iyer 17-D, Coral Residency, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014 3. S. Iyer 17-D Coral Residency, Thiruvananthapuram, 695014 4. S. Iyer 17-D Coral Residency, Thiruvananthapuram, 695013

    1. 1 and 2
    2. 1 and 3
    3. 2 and 4
    4. 3 and 4
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 1 and 2

    Explanation

    1 and 2 match; 3 lacks a comma and 4 has a different PIN.

  19. Q19Open question

    A group of three letter-number items is given in each option. Identify the group that does NOT follow the same pattern as the others.

    1. M13 : J10 : G7
    2. Z26 : W23 : T20
    3. D4 : A1 : X24
    4. H8 : E6 : B4
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) H8 : E6 : B4

    Explanation

    Numbers must equal letter positions; in (d) E is 5 and B is 2, not 6 and 4.

  20. Q20Open question

    The second group of letters is formed from the first using a specific transformation. Apply the same pattern to the third group. QDXM : SFYN :: UIOZ : ?

    1. PAQM
    2. LPWA
    3. QNLA
    4. WKPA
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) WKPA

    Explanation

    Shifts +2, +2, +1, +1: UIOZ → WKPA.

  21. Q21Open question

    Select the related word from the given alternatives. Architect : Design :: Chef : ?

    1. Cook
    2. Serve
    3. Recipe
    4. Food
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Recipe

    Explanation

    An architect creates a design; a chef creates a recipe.

  22. Q22Open question

    Select the related word from the given alternatives. Utilitarianism : Consequence :: Deontology : ?

    1. Virtue
    2. Duty
    3. Intention
    4. Value
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Duty

    Explanation

    Utilitarianism judges by consequences; deontology by duty.

  23. Q23Open question

    Select the letter-cluster that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series. PQR, STU, VWX, ?

    1. YZD
    2. YVA
    3. YZA
    4. DFR
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) YZA

    Explanation

    Consecutive letters continue: YZA.

  24. Q24Open question

    B is the daughter of A. C is the husband of B. D is the son of C. How is A related to D?

    1. Father
    2. Grandfather
    3. Grandmother
    4. Cannot be determined
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) Cannot be determined

    Explanation

    A is D's maternal grandparent, but A's gender is not given.

  25. Q25Open question

    If '+' means '−', '−' means '+', '×' means '÷', then 50 + 10 − 5 × 5 = ?

    1. 41
    2. 60
    3. 65
    4. 70
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 41

    Explanation

    50 − 10 + 5 ÷ 5 = 41.

  26. Q26Open question

    The orbit of geostationary satellites is:

    1. Polar
    2. Elliptical low-earth
    3. Circular equatorial
    4. Sun-synchronous
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Circular equatorial

    Explanation

    Geostationary orbit is circular, equatorial, about 35,786 km high.

  27. Q27Open question

    The Chief Minister of a state is appointed by:

    1. President
    2. Governor
    3. Prime Minister
    4. State Assembly
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Governor

    Explanation

    Article 164: the Governor appoints the Chief Minister.

  28. Q28Open question

    Arrange the following ancient sites in chronological order based on the development of temple/cave architecture: A. Ellora B. Ajanta C. Badami

    1. B-C-A
    2. C-A-B
    3. B-A-C
    4. A-B-C
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) B-C-A

    Explanation

    Ajanta (from 2nd century BCE), Badami (6th century CE), Ellora (6th-10th century CE).

  29. Q29Open question

    Assertion (A): The novel ‘The White Tiger’ highlights social inequalities in modern India. Reason (R): The novel primarily documents ancient Indian history.

    1. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
    2. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
    3. A is true, but R is false
    4. A is false, but R is true
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) A is true, but R is false

    Explanation

    Aravind Adiga's novel is about contemporary class inequality, not ancient history.

  30. Q30Open question

    The Digital India initiative primarily focuses on:

    1. Agricultural reforms
    2. Digital infrastructure and services
    3. Defence modernization
    4. Space research
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Digital infrastructure and services

    Explanation

    Digital India (2015) builds digital infrastructure and e-services.

  31. Q31Open question

    Assertion (A): Population growth can be expressed in absolute and percentage terms. Reason (R): Percentage growth alone provides complete demographic trends.

    1. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
    2. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
    3. A is true, but R is false
    4. A is false, but R is true
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) A is true, but R is false

    Explanation

    Both measures are used; percentage alone does not give the full picture.

  32. Q32Open question

    What is the primary function of ribosomes?

    1. Energy production
    2. Protein synthesis
    3. Lipid storage
    4. DNA repair
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Protein synthesis

    Explanation

    Ribosomes synthesise proteins.

  33. Q33Open question

    Which statement correctly reflects Article 200 regarding state bills?

    1. Governor must always assent to bills.
    2. Governor can reserve a bill for the President.
    3. Bills cannot be returned to the legislature.
    4. President has no role in state legislation.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Governor can reserve a bill for the President.

    Explanation

    Under Article 200 the Governor may assent, withhold, return or reserve a bill for the President.

  34. Q34Open question

    The first edition of Khelo India University Games was held in:

    1. 2018
    2. 2019
    3. 2021
    4. 2023
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) 2019

    Explanation

    As per the key, 2019. Note: the first KIUG was actually held in Feb-Mar 2020 at Bhubaneswar, which is not among the options.

  35. Q35Open question

    Choose the correctly matched landform and its formation:

    1. Delta – Formed by glacial erosion
    2. Meander – Formed by river deposition
    3. Gorge – Created by wind action
    4. Dune – Created by tectonic forces
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Meander – Formed by river deposition

    Explanation

    Meanders form through river erosion and deposition; the other pairs are clearly wrong.

  36. Q36Open question

    Consider the following statements regarding the Election Commission of India: 1. It is a constitutional body. 2. The Chief Election Commissioner is appointed by the President. 3. Its tenure is fixed at ten years. Which of the above is/are correct?

    1. 1 and 2 only
    2. 2 and 3 only
    3. 1 and 3 only
    4. 1, 2 and 3
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 1 and 2 only

    Explanation

    ECI is constitutional (Art. 324) and the President appoints the CEC; the term is 6 years or age 65.

  37. Q37Open question

    What is the primary purpose of the IRNSS/NavIC satellite system?

    1. Weather monitoring
    2. Navigation and positioning services
    3. Deep-space exploration
    4. Television broadcasting
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Navigation and positioning services

    Explanation

    NavIC is India's regional navigation satellite system.

  38. Q38Open question

    Who set the national record in the men's 10,000m event in 2024?

    1. Gulveer Singh
    2. Suresh Rana
    3. Neeraj Chopra
    4. Dutee Chand
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) Gulveer Singh

    Explanation

    Gulveer Singh set the men's 10,000 m national record in 2024.

  39. Q39Open question

    What is the term for rhythmic cycles in Hindustani classical music?

    1. Raga
    2. Tala
    3. Alap
    4. Shruti
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Tala

    Explanation

    Tala is the rhythmic cycle; raga is the melodic framework.

  40. Q40Open question

    Assertion (A): The National Sports Awards recognize excellence in sports. Reason (R): They are awarded by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports.

    1. Both A and R are true, and R explains A
    2. Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A
    3. A is true, but R is false
    4. A is false, but R is true
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Both A and R are true, but R does not explain A

    Explanation

    Both are true, but who confers them does not explain why they exist.

  41. Q41Open question

    Consider the following statements regarding Taekwondo competitions: 1. Black belt indicates advanced proficiency. 2. A safety zone is maintained around the competition area. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

    1. Only 1 is correct
    2. Only 2 is correct
    3. Both 1 and 2 are correct
    4. Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2 are correct

    Explanation

    Both are standard features of Taekwondo.

  42. Q42Open question

    Consider the following statements: 1. The President can dissolve the Lok Sabha. 2. The Governor can recommend President’s Rule in a state. Which of the above is/are correct?

    1. Only 1
    2. Only 2
    3. Both 1 and 2
    4. Neither 1 nor 2
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2

    Explanation

    Article 85 (dissolution) and the Governor's report under Article 356.

  43. Q43Open question

    As per Article 368, the Constitution of India can be amended by:

    1. Simple majority
    2. Two-thirds majority in Parliament
    3. Unanimous vote of states
    4. President’s ordinance
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Two-thirds majority in Parliament

    Explanation

    Most amendments need a special majority (two-thirds present and voting, plus majority of membership).

  44. Q44Open question

    Which of the following statements about the Hornbill Festival is correct?

    1. It is celebrated in Kerala during Onam.
    2. It is held annually in Nagaland.
    3. It is a harvest festival of Punjab.
    4. It is celebrated in winter in Rajasthan.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) It is held annually in Nagaland.

    Explanation

    The Hornbill Festival is held every December in Nagaland.

  45. Q45Open question

    The Human Development Index (HDI) measures progress in:

    1. Income, health, and education
    2. Agriculture and industry
    3. Defence and security
    4. Trade and commerce
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) Income, health, and education

    Explanation

    HDI combines income, life expectancy and education.

  46. Q46Open question

    Which of the following industries is classified as a heavy industry?

    1. Toy manufacturing
    2. Steel production
    3. Handloom weaving
    4. Paper crafts
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Steel production

    Explanation

    Steel uses heavy raw materials and large capital.

  47. Q47Open question

    When light travels from water to air, which property remains unchanged?

    1. Speed
    2. Frequency
    3. Wavelength
    4. Intensity
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Frequency

    Explanation

    Frequency depends on the source and stays constant during refraction.

  48. Q48Open question

    Consider the following statements regarding G20 cooperation in science and technology: 1. It encourages collaborative innovation among member nations. 2. It operates only through annual leaders’ summits. Which of the statements is/are correct?

    1. Only 1 is correct
    2. Only 2 is correct
    3. Both 1 and 2 are correct
    4. Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) Only 1 is correct

    Explanation

    G20 works through many ministerial and working groups, not only summits.

  49. Q49Open question

    Which factor poses a major threat to coral reefs worldwide?

    1. Soil erosion
    2. Ocean warming and acidification
    3. Desertification
    4. Urban housing
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Ocean warming and acidification

    Explanation

    Warming causes bleaching; acidification weakens coral skeletons.

  50. Q50Open question

    Gatka is a traditional martial art of which state?

    1. Punjab
    2. Assam
    3. Odisha
    4. Gujarat
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) Punjab

    Explanation

    Gatka is a Sikh martial art of Punjab.

  51. Q51Open question

    What is the value of 5 + 55 + 555 + 5555 + 55555?

    1. 61725
    2. 62215
    3. 63215
    4. 64120
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 61725

    Explanation

    Sum = 61,725.

  52. Q52Open question

    Simplify: (2 1/4 + 3.8) − 2 1/5

    1. 3.45
    2. 3.65
    3. 3.85
    4. 4.05
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) 3.85

    Explanation

    2.25 + 3.8 − 2.2 = 3.85.

  53. Q53Open question

    Evaluate: 1/(√16 − √15) − 1/(√15 − √14) + 1/(√14 − √13) − 1/(√13 − √12) + 1/(√12 − √11)

    1. 4 + √11
    2. 3 − √11
    3. 2 − √11
    4. 1 + √11
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 4 + √11

    Explanation

    Each 1/(√a − √b) = √a + √b; the terms telescope to √16 + √11 = 4 + √11.

  54. Q54Open question

    In a sports survey of 150 students, determine the ratio of students who play Cricket to those who play Badminton. Play Cricket and Badminton: 30 Play Cricket but not Badminton: 50 Play Badminton but not Cricket: 40 Play neither sport: 30

    1. 8:7
    2. 7:5
    3. 8:9
    4. 4:3
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 8:7

    Explanation

    Cricket = 30 + 50 = 80; Badminton = 30 + 40 = 70; 8 : 7.

  55. Q55Open question

    Raj and Priya started a business with ₹1,50,000 and ₹1,20,000 respectively. After 6 months, Priya invested an additional ₹60,000 and Raj withdrew ₹30,000. What is their profit-sharing ratio at the end of 1 year?

    1. 9:10
    2. 12:11
    3. 13:14
    4. 10:11
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 9:10

    Explanation

    Raj = 1.5L×6 + 1.2L×6 = 16.2; Priya = 1.2L×6 + 1.8L×6 = 18; 9 : 10.

  56. Q56Open question

    X invests ₹25,000 and Y invests ₹40,000 in a business. X receives an additional 15% bonus (on his share) for administration work. The total profit is ₹75,000. What is X's share (approximate)?

    1. ₹28,573
    2. ₹33,173
    3. ₹38,255
    4. ₹41,250
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) ₹33,173

    Explanation

    X's capital share = 5/13 × 75,000 ≈ 28,846; with a 15% bonus that is ≈ ₹33,173 (as per the key's interpretation).

  57. Q57Open question

    A cricketer's average score over a series of matches is 42. If she scores 138 runs in the next match, her average increases to 46. How many matches did she play before this?

    1. 23
    2. 22
    3. 24
    4. 26
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 23

    Explanation

    42n + 138 = 46(n + 1) gives 4n = 92, n = 23.

  58. Q58Open question

    The average of 15 numbers is 72. The average of the first 6 numbers is 65. The average of the next 5 numbers is 20% higher than the average of the first 6. The 12th number is 8 less than the 15th, the 13th is 5 greater than the 15th, and the 14th number is 78. What is the average of the 12th and 13th numbers?

    1. 73.5
    2. 80
    3. 78
    4. 76.5
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 73.5

    Explanation

    Total 1080; first 6 = 390; next 5 = 5 × 78 = 390; last 4 = 300. With the 15th = x: (x − 8) + (x + 5) + 78 + x = 300, so x = 75. Then 67 and 80 average 73.5.

  59. Q59Open question

    In an election, 75% of eligible voters participated. Of these, 4% were invalid votes. If a winning candidate got 13,500 votes which was 55% of valid votes, what was the total number of eligible voters (to the nearest integer)?

    1. 30,000
    2. 35,050
    3. 34091
    4. 45,024
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) 34091

    Explanation

    Valid = 13,500/0.55 ≈ 24,545.5; votes cast = /0.96 ≈ 25,568.2; eligible = /0.75 ≈ 34,091.

  60. Q60Open question

    The compound interest on a principal at 20% p.a. for 1.5 years, compounded annually, is ₹3,400. Find the principal.

    1. ₹10,625
    2. ₹12,000
    3. ₹15,000
    4. ₹18,150
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) ₹10,625

    Explanation

    Amount factor = 1.2 × 1.1 = 1.32, so 0.32P = 3,400 and P = ₹10,625.

  61. Q61Open question

    If the compound interest on a sum at 14⅔% per annum for 3 years is ₹1,680, find the simple interest for the same period and rate.

    1. ₹1,232
    2. ₹1,456
    3. ₹1,600
    4. ₹1,812
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) ₹1,456

    Explanation

    (1 + 11/75)³ − 1 ≈ 0.5077, so P ≈ 3,309; SI = 3,309 × 0.44 ≈ ₹1,456.

  62. Q62Open question

    A spice merchant bought 18 kg of Turmeric at ₹320/kg and 28 kg of Coriander at ₹260/kg. He mixed them and sold the mixture at ₹290/kg. Calculate the loss or gain.

    1. Loss of ₹240
    2. Profit of ₹240
    3. Loss of ₹480
    4. Profit of ₹300
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) Profit of ₹300

    Explanation

    Cost 5,760 + 7,280 = 13,040; revenue 46 × 290 = 13,340; profit ₹300.

  63. Q63Open question

    A retailer sold three products X, Y, and Z with selling prices in the ratio 3:5:7. He incurred a 12% loss on X, a 40% profit on Y, and broke even on Z. What was his overall profit or loss percentage?

    1. Loss of 7.29%
    2. Profit of 7.29%
    3. Profit of 8.33%
    4. Loss of 8.33%
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Profit of 7.29%

    Explanation

    CP = 3/0.88 + 5/1.4 + 7 ≈ 13.98 against SP 15, a profit of ≈ 7.29%.

  64. Q64Open question

    An 84-litre mixture has milk and water in the ratio 5:2. If 21 litres of the mixture is removed and 12 litres of pure milk is added, what is the new ratio of milk to water?

    1. 13:8
    2. 27:14
    3. 19:6
    4. 21:11
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) 19:6

    Explanation

    Milk 60, water 24; removing 21 L leaves 45 : 18; adding 12 milk gives 57 : 18 = 19 : 6.

  65. Q65Open question

    A supplier buys items at ₹P and marks them up by 60%. The retailer gets a 25% discount and sells at ₹2.8P. The customer pays ₹19,040 after a 15% discount. What is the original cost P per item?

    1. ₹10,000
    2. ₹8,000
    3. ₹14,000
    4. ₹16,000
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) ₹8,000

    Explanation

    Customer pays 2.8P × 0.85 = 2.38P = 19,040, so P = ₹8,000.

  66. Q66Open question

    X can complete a project in 14 days, Y in 10 days. When Z joins them, the work is finished in 3.5 days. How many days would Z need alone?

    1. 8 days
    2. 8.75 days
    3. 9.33 days
    4. 10 days
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) 8.75 days

    Explanation

    Z's rate = 2/7 − 1/14 − 1/10 = 4/35, so Z alone takes 8.75 days.

  67. Q67Open question

    Four varieties of wheat costing ₹30/kg, ₹45/kg, ₹60/kg and an unknown price are mixed in ratio 1:2:3:4. The mixture is sold at ₹46/kg with 15% profit. What is the cost of the fourth variety?

    1. ₹50/kg
    2. ₹25/kg
    3. ₹60/kg
    4. ₹65/kg
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) ₹25/kg

    Explanation

    Mixture CP = 46/1.15 = 40; (30 + 90 + 180 + 4x)/10 = 40, so x = ₹25.

  68. Q68Open question

    P can complete a task in 6 days, Q can destroy it in 4 days. P works for 3 days, then Q joins for 2 days. In how many days will P finish the remaining work alone?

    1. 6 days
    2. 7.5 days
    3. 4 days
    4. 9 days
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) 4 days

    Explanation

    After 3 days, 1/2 is done; the next 2 days change it by 2(1/6 − 1/4) = −1/6, leaving 1/3 done. P needs 2/3 ÷ 1/6 = 4 days.

  69. Q69Open question

    A helicopter covers a distance in 4 hours at 280 km/h. To complete the same journey in 50 minutes, what speed is needed?

    1. 1344 km/h
    2. 1400 km/h
    3. 1500 km/h
    4. 1600 km/h
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 1344 km/h

    Explanation

    1120 km ÷ 5/6 h = 1,344 km/h.

  70. Q70Open question

    A person travels between two towns. At 60 km/h, he arrives 1.5 hours early. At 40 km/h, he arrives 1 hour late. What is the distance between the towns?

    1. 300 km
    2. 200 km
    3. 220 km
    4. 240 km
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 300 km

    Explanation

    d/40 − d/60 = 2.5 gives d/120 = 2.5, d = 300 km.

  71. Q71Open question

    An annular (ring-shaped) disc has outer and inner radii of 12 cm and 8 cm. What percentage of the full circle is this ring?

    1. 44.44%
    2. 55.56%
    3. 66.67%
    4. 77.78%
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) 55.56%

    Explanation

    (144 − 64)/144 = 55.56%.

  72. Q72Open question

    A garden is circular with a border 3 m wide around it. The garden area alone is 379.94 m². What is the radius of the garden?

    1. 10.5 m
    2. 11 m
    3. 11.5 m
    4. 12 m
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) 11 m

    Explanation

    πr² = 379.94 gives r² ≈ 121, so r = 11 m. (The stated total including the border is inconsistent, but the garden area fixes r.)

  73. Q73Open question

    The circumferences of two circular paths are in ratio 2:7. If the smaller path has radius 8 m, what is the radius of the larger path?

    1. 28 m
    2. 32 m
    3. 35 m
    4. 40 m
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 28 m

    Explanation

    Radii follow the same ratio: 8 × 7/2 = 28 m.

  74. Q74Open question

    What is the equation of a line passing through (0, 4) with slope −2?

    1. y = −2x + 4
    2. y = 2x − 4
    3. y = −2x − 4
    4. y = 2x + 4
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) y = −2x + 4

    Explanation

    y = mx + c with m = −2, c = 4.

  75. Q75Open question

    If m + 1/m = 6, find the value of m² + 1/m².

    1. 36
    2. 35
    3. 34
    4. 33
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) 34

    Explanation

    (m + 1/m)² − 2 = 36 − 2 = 34.

  76. Q76Open question

    Find the part of the sentence that contains an error: The fact that citizens have no remedy available (1)/ when environmental breaches are ignored at the ministerial level (2)/ highlight a broader decline in (3)/ constitutional accountability. (4)

    1. (1)
    2. (2)
    3. (3)
    4. (4)
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) (3)

    Explanation

    The subject 'The fact' is singular, so it needs 'highlights'.

  77. Q77Open question

    Spot the correct spelling of an electron-transport protein.

    1. Cytocrhome
    2. Cytocrom
    3. Cytochrome
    4. Cytohrom
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Cytochrome

    Explanation

    The correct spelling is Cytochrome.

  78. Q78Open question

    Convert to indirect speech: Sikha said, “I like this pen as it is very useful.”

    1. Sikha said she liked that pen as it was very useful.
    2. Sikha said she like that pen as it is very useful.
    3. Sikha said she liked this pen as it was very useful.
    4. Sikha said she likes that pen as it is very useful.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) Sikha said she liked that pen as it was very useful.

    Explanation

    Tenses shift back and 'this' becomes 'that'.

  79. Q79Open question

    Select the most appropriate antonym of the given word: MELANCHOLY

    1. Gloomy
    2. Sorrowful
    3. Downcast
    4. Jovial
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) Jovial

    Explanation

    Melancholy (sad) is the opposite of jovial (cheerful).

  80. Q80Open question

    Choose the correct meaning of idiom: Has a second string to his bow

    1. He changes his decisions repeatedly.
    2. He maintains two relationships at the same time.
    3. He has an extra skill/backup option to depend on.
    4. He tricks people to reach his aim.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) He has an extra skill/backup option to depend on.

    Explanation

    It means having an alternative or backup resource.

  81. Q81Open question

    Choose the correct one-word substitute for: “A condition of temporary suspension or being kept on hold.”

    1. Interval
    2. Break
    3. Abeyance
    4. Sleep
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Abeyance

    Explanation

    'In abeyance' means temporarily suspended.

  82. Q82Open question

    Select the correct option: The researcher found the correlation to be ________ weak to shape policy.

    1. extremely very
    2. too
    3. as it is
    4. so
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) too

    Explanation

    'too ... to' expresses excess preventing an outcome.

  83. Q83Open question

    Rearrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph: 1. The fast-growing spread of misleading and false content on social media poses a serious threat to healthy public discussion. 2. This approach involves carefully checking claims, evidence, and sources to judge how accurate a statement really is. 3. This trend can weaken people’s trust in journalism and damage informed choices in a democratic setup. 4. Therefore, professional fact-checking bodies have become an important shield against the rise of fabricated narratives.

    1. 2, 1, 4, 3
    2. 3, 1, 2, 4
    3. 1, 3, 4, 2
    4. 1, 4, 2, 3
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) 1, 3, 4, 2

    Explanation

    Problem (1), its effect (3), the response (4), how it works (2).

  84. Q84Open question

    Select the sentence containing the homonym of the highlighted word: The old oriel window jutted gracefully from the manor’s outer wall.

    1. The caretaker cleaned the dust from the oriel before noon.
    2. The visitor paused near the oriel to look outside.
    3. The engineer calibrated the signal using the oriel.
    4. The renovated oriel added charm to the building’s façade.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) The engineer calibrated the signal using the oriel.

    Explanation

    In (c) 'oriel' is used in a different, non-architectural sense; the others refer to the window.

  85. Q85Open question

    Choose the most suitable option to replace the highlighted part of the sentence: The court declared the accused as guilty.

    1. guilty for the crime
    2. guilty
    3. as being guilty in the crime
    4. guilty for the criminal
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) guilty

    Explanation

    'Declare' takes a direct complement without 'as': declared the accused guilty.

  86. Q86Open question

    Select the correct option: Her reasoning sounded persuasive; ________, it relied on old figures.

    1. otherwise
    2. conversely
    3. nevertheless
    4. subsequently
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) nevertheless

    Explanation

    'Nevertheless' signals contrast.

  87. Q87Open question

    Convert to direct speech: The magistrate declared that justice must be upheld regardless of the consequences.

    1. “Justice should be upheld regardless of the consequences,” declared the magistrate.
    2. “Justice must be upheld regardless of the consequences,” the magistrate declared.
    3. “We uphold justice regardless of the consequences,” declared the magistrate.
    4. “One must uphold justice,” the magistrate declared.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) “Justice must be upheld regardless of the consequences,” the magistrate declared.

    Explanation

    'Must' is retained; the wording is otherwise unchanged.

  88. Q88Open question

    Identify the misspelt word

    1. Acquiescence
    2. Bourgeoisie
    3. Conscientous
    4. Epitome
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) Conscientous

    Explanation

    The correct spelling is 'Conscientious'.

  89. Q89Open question

    Select the most appropriate synonym of the given word: BIBLIOMANIAC

    1. Bookseller
    2. Accountant
    3. Archivist
    4. Book-lover
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) Book-lover

    Explanation

    A bibliomaniac is obsessed with collecting books.

  90. Q90Open question

    Change the following from active to passive: We shall have issued the notices before Friday evening.

    1. The notices shall have issued before Friday evening.
    2. The notices shall have had been issued before Friday evening.
    3. The notices shall have be issued before Friday evening.
    4. The notices shall have been issued before Friday evening.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) The notices shall have been issued before Friday evening.

    Explanation

    Future perfect passive: shall have been + V3.

  91. Q91Open question

    Select the correct option: Without her prompt intervention, the discussion might well have ___ into an acrimonious stalemate.

    1. abstained
    2. devolved
    3. emerged
    4. ejected
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) devolved

    Explanation

    'Devolve into' means to deteriorate into.

  92. Q92Open question

    Rearrange the following sentences to form a coherent paragraph: 1. It is an organised and unbiased inquiry carried out to uncover new information or verify what is already known. 2. Research forms the backbone of progress in academics as well as science. 3. This may be theoretical in nature to expand understanding, or applied to address a real-world issue. 4. The outcomes are then recorded and evaluated through peer review to ensure reliability and authenticity.

    1. 2, 1, 3, 4
    2. 1, 2, 4, 3
    3. 4, 3, 2, 1
    4. 3, 4, 1, 2
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) 2, 1, 3, 4

    Explanation

    Intro (2), definition (1), types (3), evaluation (4).

  93. Q93Open question

    Find the part of the sentence that contains an error: The authority’s choice to delay the rollout (1)/ was linked partly to pressure from the industry (2)/ and partly because of legal uncertainty (3)/ related to the latest amendments. (4)

    1. (1)
    2. (2)
    3. (3)
    4. (4)
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) (3)

    Explanation

    Parallelism: 'partly to pressure ... and partly to legal uncertainty'.

  94. Q94Open question

    Read the following passage and answer the question based on it. Passage: “In modern discussions, the dichotomy between entrepreneurship and conventional jobs has become increasingly prominent.” Traditional employment is often associated with predictability, structured growth, and a clear career path, whereas entrepreneurship attracts individuals who seek independence, innovation, and the possibility of significantly higher rewards. Yet, both routes come with their own strengths as well as unavoidable uncertainties. Employment—especially in well-established institutions—typically provides steady income, social validation, and organizational support. Employees are generally not exposed to major risks like losing capital or facing sudden market shocks. Instead, they function within defined systems of authority and responsibility, where larger risks are usually handled by senior management. For many people, this arrangement offers mental ease and a visible roadmap for advancement. On the other hand, entrepreneurship requires persistence, ingenuity, and a strong ability to deal with uncertainty. Entrepreneurs must manage fluctuating markets, complicated regulations, and irregular earnings—difficulties that are often underestimated by those who romanticize startups. Still, for people with a higher risk tolerance and creative capability, entrepreneurship can deliver a distinct sense of purpose. It enables individuals to challenge existing systems, create ventures from scratch, and potentially influence entire industries. Social attitudes add another layer to this debate. In several cultures, stable employment is treated as the standard marker of success, while entrepreneurial efforts are seen as risky or unreliable—until they achieve success. However, this mindset is slowly evolving as startup ecosystems expand and innovation becomes closely linked with development. Ultimately, the right choice is not about which option is “better,” but about matching one’s nature, priorities, and long-term vision with what each path demands. Entrepreneurship may bring freedom, but it comes with sacrifice. Employment may offer security, but it can also limit creativity. Therefore, a thoughtful and realistic approach—not blind ambition—is necessary while making this career decision. According to the passage, which trait is most essential for entrepreneurs?

    1. Obedience
    2. Perseverance
    3. Delegation
    4. Conformity
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) Perseverance

    Explanation

    Entrepreneurship 'requires persistence'.

  95. Q95Open question

    Read the following passage and answer the question based on it. Passage: “In modern discussions, the dichotomy between entrepreneurship and conventional jobs has become increasingly prominent.” Traditional employment is often associated with predictability, structured growth, and a clear career path, whereas entrepreneurship attracts individuals who seek independence, innovation, and the possibility of significantly higher rewards. Yet, both routes come with their own strengths as well as unavoidable uncertainties. Employment—especially in well-established institutions—typically provides steady income, social validation, and organizational support. Employees are generally not exposed to major risks like losing capital or facing sudden market shocks. Instead, they function within defined systems of authority and responsibility, where larger risks are usually handled by senior management. For many people, this arrangement offers mental ease and a visible roadmap for advancement. On the other hand, entrepreneurship requires persistence, ingenuity, and a strong ability to deal with uncertainty. Entrepreneurs must manage fluctuating markets, complicated regulations, and irregular earnings—difficulties that are often underestimated by those who romanticize startups. Still, for people with a higher risk tolerance and creative capability, entrepreneurship can deliver a distinct sense of purpose. It enables individuals to challenge existing systems, create ventures from scratch, and potentially influence entire industries. Social attitudes add another layer to this debate. In several cultures, stable employment is treated as the standard marker of success, while entrepreneurial efforts are seen as risky or unreliable—until they achieve success. However, this mindset is slowly evolving as startup ecosystems expand and innovation becomes closely linked with development. Ultimately, the right choice is not about which option is “better,” but about matching one’s nature, priorities, and long-term vision with what each path demands. Entrepreneurship may bring freedom, but it comes with sacrifice. Employment may offer security, but it can also limit creativity. Therefore, a thoughtful and realistic approach—not blind ambition—is necessary while making this career decision. As per the passage, why does employment often feel mentally reassuring?

    1. It encourages flexible creativity
    2. It removes the need to compete
    3. It offers hierarchy and lowers personal risk
    4. It guarantees fast promotions
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) It offers hierarchy and lowers personal risk

    Explanation

    Defined authority structures and risk borne by management give 'mental ease'.

  96. Q96Open question

    Read the following passage and answer the question based on it. Passage: “In modern discussions, the dichotomy between entrepreneurship and conventional jobs has become increasingly prominent.” Traditional employment is often associated with predictability, structured growth, and a clear career path, whereas entrepreneurship attracts individuals who seek independence, innovation, and the possibility of significantly higher rewards. Yet, both routes come with their own strengths as well as unavoidable uncertainties. Employment—especially in well-established institutions—typically provides steady income, social validation, and organizational support. Employees are generally not exposed to major risks like losing capital or facing sudden market shocks. Instead, they function within defined systems of authority and responsibility, where larger risks are usually handled by senior management. For many people, this arrangement offers mental ease and a visible roadmap for advancement. On the other hand, entrepreneurship requires persistence, ingenuity, and a strong ability to deal with uncertainty. Entrepreneurs must manage fluctuating markets, complicated regulations, and irregular earnings—difficulties that are often underestimated by those who romanticize startups. Still, for people with a higher risk tolerance and creative capability, entrepreneurship can deliver a distinct sense of purpose. It enables individuals to challenge existing systems, create ventures from scratch, and potentially influence entire industries. Social attitudes add another layer to this debate. In several cultures, stable employment is treated as the standard marker of success, while entrepreneurial efforts are seen as risky or unreliable—until they achieve success. However, this mindset is slowly evolving as startup ecosystems expand and innovation becomes closely linked with development. Ultimately, the right choice is not about which option is “better,” but about matching one’s nature, priorities, and long-term vision with what each path demands. Entrepreneurship may bring freedom, but it comes with sacrifice. Employment may offer security, but it can also limit creativity. Therefore, a thoughtful and realistic approach—not blind ambition—is necessary while making this career decision. How are entrepreneurial efforts generally viewed in society, as described in the passage?

    1. Always appreciated
    2. Completely rejected by everyone
    3. Mostly condemned without exception
    4. Doubted until they show results
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (D) Doubted until they show results

    Explanation

    They are seen as risky or unreliable until they achieve success.

  97. Q97Open question

    Read the following passage and answer the question based on it. Passage: “In modern discussions, the dichotomy between entrepreneurship and conventional jobs has become increasingly prominent.” Traditional employment is often associated with predictability, structured growth, and a clear career path, whereas entrepreneurship attracts individuals who seek independence, innovation, and the possibility of significantly higher rewards. Yet, both routes come with their own strengths as well as unavoidable uncertainties. Employment—especially in well-established institutions—typically provides steady income, social validation, and organizational support. Employees are generally not exposed to major risks like losing capital or facing sudden market shocks. Instead, they function within defined systems of authority and responsibility, where larger risks are usually handled by senior management. For many people, this arrangement offers mental ease and a visible roadmap for advancement. On the other hand, entrepreneurship requires persistence, ingenuity, and a strong ability to deal with uncertainty. Entrepreneurs must manage fluctuating markets, complicated regulations, and irregular earnings—difficulties that are often underestimated by those who romanticize startups. Still, for people with a higher risk tolerance and creative capability, entrepreneurship can deliver a distinct sense of purpose. It enables individuals to challenge existing systems, create ventures from scratch, and potentially influence entire industries. Social attitudes add another layer to this debate. In several cultures, stable employment is treated as the standard marker of success, while entrepreneurial efforts are seen as risky or unreliable—until they achieve success. However, this mindset is slowly evolving as startup ecosystems expand and innovation becomes closely linked with development. Ultimately, the right choice is not about which option is “better,” but about matching one’s nature, priorities, and long-term vision with what each path demands. Entrepreneurship may bring freedom, but it comes with sacrifice. Employment may offer security, but it can also limit creativity. Therefore, a thoughtful and realistic approach—not blind ambition—is necessary while making this career decision. In the passage, the phrase “absence of assured income” for entrepreneurs implies:

    1. Entrepreneurs work without pay by choice
    2. No fixed salary or steady cash flow
    3. Profit is certain from the beginning
    4. Earnings are set by the government
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) No fixed salary or steady cash flow

    Explanation

    It refers to irregular earnings, i.e. no fixed salary.

  98. Q98Open question

    Read the following passage and answer the question based on it. Passage: “In modern discussions, the dichotomy between entrepreneurship and conventional jobs has become increasingly prominent.” Traditional employment is often associated with predictability, structured growth, and a clear career path, whereas entrepreneurship attracts individuals who seek independence, innovation, and the possibility of significantly higher rewards. Yet, both routes come with their own strengths as well as unavoidable uncertainties. Employment—especially in well-established institutions—typically provides steady income, social validation, and organizational support. Employees are generally not exposed to major risks like losing capital or facing sudden market shocks. Instead, they function within defined systems of authority and responsibility, where larger risks are usually handled by senior management. For many people, this arrangement offers mental ease and a visible roadmap for advancement. On the other hand, entrepreneurship requires persistence, ingenuity, and a strong ability to deal with uncertainty. Entrepreneurs must manage fluctuating markets, complicated regulations, and irregular earnings—difficulties that are often underestimated by those who romanticize startups. Still, for people with a higher risk tolerance and creative capability, entrepreneurship can deliver a distinct sense of purpose. It enables individuals to challenge existing systems, create ventures from scratch, and potentially influence entire industries. Social attitudes add another layer to this debate. In several cultures, stable employment is treated as the standard marker of success, while entrepreneurial efforts are seen as risky or unreliable—until they achieve success. However, this mindset is slowly evolving as startup ecosystems expand and innovation becomes closely linked with development. Ultimately, the right choice is not about which option is “better,” but about matching one’s nature, priorities, and long-term vision with what each path demands. Entrepreneurship may bring freedom, but it comes with sacrifice. Employment may offer security, but it can also limit creativity. Therefore, a thoughtful and realistic approach—not blind ambition—is necessary while making this career decision. The word “dichotomy” in the passage is closest in meaning to:

    1. A shared understanding
    2. A common benefit
    3. A sharp split between two contrasting things
    4. A recurring trend
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (C) A sharp split between two contrasting things

    Explanation

    Dichotomy means a division into two contrasting parts.

  99. Q99Open question

    Choose the most suitable option to replace the highlighted part of the sentence: He is eagerly looking forward to meet Sakshi soon.

    1. to meeting Sakshi
    2. for meeting Sakshi
    3. meeting Sakshi
    4. to have met Sakshi
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (A) to meeting Sakshi

    Explanation

    'Look forward to' takes a gerund: 'to meeting'.

  100. Q100Open question

    Convert the sentence provided below from its passive voice structure to an active voice structure: The certificates will be prepared by the office within an hour.

    1. The office prepares the certificates within an hour.
    2. The office will prepare the certificates within an hour.
    3. The certificates prepared by the office soon.
    4. The office had prepared the certificates in an hour.
    Show answer & explanation

    Answer: (B) The office will prepare the certificates within an hour.

    Explanation

    Simple future passive becomes 'will prepare'.

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