Which districts in Bihar will benefit from the Kosi-Mechi Link Project?

Araria, Purnea, Kishanganj, Katihar

Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi, Begusarai

What is the primary objective of the Lunar Trailblazer mission?

To detect and map water on the Moon's surface

To create a 3D model of the entire Moon

Afrikaners refers to which people?

The white minority group in South Africa

People of Indo-African descent in the U.S.

Indigenous tribal communities in Africa

What is true of the GSLV-F15 mission by ISRO?

It carried the NVS-02 satellite

It marked ISRO's 101st launch from Sriharikota

It marked ISRO's 100th launch from Sriharikota

What is true of the 18th G20 Summit?

Its theme was: Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet

The Rio de Janeiro Declaration emphasised the taxation of billionaires

The UN climate conference held in Baku in 2024 concluded with an agreement that:

Calls on developed countries to provide at least $300 billion annually to developing nations by 2035

Aims to ban fossil fuels globally by 2030

Calls on developed countries to provide at least $500 billion annually to developing nations by 2030

Which of the following statements are true about Akashteer?

Akashteer is the core of the Indian Army's Air Defence (AAD) system

It seamlessly integrates into India's larger C4ISR framework

It reflects a strategic shift from passive defence to proactive retaliation

Which of the following defence platforms are part of India's growing indigenous military ecosystem supported by the Make in India initiative?

Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS)

According to the India State of Forest Report 2023 (ISFR 2023):

The maximum tree cover has been found in the State of Maharashtra, followed by Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.

The total forest and tree cover of the country is 15% of the geographical area of the country.

The top three states having the largest recorded forest area (RFA) are Jharkhand, Andaman & Nicobar and Manipur.

Which of the following statement/s is/are NOT CORRECT about the U-WIN portal of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare?

It provides QR-based e-vaccination certificates

It facilitates the creation of Ayushman Bharat Health Accounts (ABHA) for parents and children

The portal is accessible in 11 regional languages

Which organisation jointly developed the National Urban Innovation Stack (NUIS) Digital Blueprint with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)?

National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA)

Before the launch of the Kisan Rin Portal (KRP), claims under the Interest Subvention and Prompt Repayment Incentive schemes were submitted manually to which institution/s?

Reserve Bank of India and NABARD

Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare and NABARD

National Payments Corporation of India and Reserve Bank of India

India's foreign exchange reserves:

Increased to around USD 640 billion as of the end of December 2024

Are the seventh largest in the world

Decreased due to a BoP deficit of around USD 24 billion in 2024

According to the Annual PLFS 2023-24 report:

There is a greater increase in the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) of rural females as compared to urban females since 2021-22

Among the 36 states and union territories, 90% have a Workforce Participation Rate (WPR) (all ages) below the national average of 43.7 percent

The share of female workers in agriculture has decreased significantly from 2017-18 to 2023-24

Which of the following was NOT an outcome of the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2020?

Research and Innovation Excellence Frameworks (RIEF)

What is the primary objective of Bihar's Mission Daksh?

To offer personalised mentoring for lagging students to reach grade-level competencies

To increase school enrolment in primary schools in rural areas

To provide vocational training to teachers at senior-secondary level

BPSC – Combined Competitive Examination Prelims 2025 Question Paper with Answers

Q1Open question
In the following question, out of four words given below, three are alike in some manner and the fourth word is different. Find the different one.
1. MICROSCOPE
2. TELESCOPE
3. STETHOSCOPE
4. PERISCOPE
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) STETHOSCOPE
Explanation
Microscope, telescope and periscope are optical instruments for seeing; the stethoscope is for hearing.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a microscope is an instrument for seeing (magnifying small objects).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a telescope is an instrument for seeing distant objects.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: a stethoscope is used for hearing body sounds; the other three are used for seeing.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a periscope is an instrument for seeing over or around obstacles.
Q2Open question
SPRING is written in a code as UNUFRC. How will the word MOBILE be written in that code language?
1. OMEFPA
2. OMPGNC
3. MPQSUL
4. SEGRFT
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) OMEFPA
Explanation
S(+2)=U, P(−2)=N, R(+3)=U, I(−3)=F, N(+4)=R, G(−4)=C. Applying the same shifts to MOBILE gives OMEFPA.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the pattern is +2, −2, +3, −3, +4, −4: M→O, O→M, B→E, I→F, L→P, E→A.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: only the first two letters fit; B+3 gives E, not P.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: M should shift +2 to O, so the code cannot start with M.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: does not follow the +2, −2, +3, −3, +4, −4 pattern at all.
Q3Open question
Mukesh said to his friend, "Rita is the mother of my son's wife's daughter." How is Mukesh related to Rita?
1. Father
2. Son-in-law
3. Son
4. Father-in-law
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Father-in-law
Explanation
The mother of the son's wife's daughter is the son's wife, i.e. Mukesh's daughter-in-law. So Mukesh is Rita's father-in-law.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Rita is Mukesh's son's wife, not his daughter.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a son-in-law is a daughter's husband; Mukesh is a generation above Rita.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Mukesh is a generation above Rita, not below.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: the mother of his son's wife's daughter is the son's wife herself, so Mukesh is her father-in-law.
Q4Open question
Ram goes North, turns right, then turns right again and then turns left. In which direction is Ram now?
1. EAST
2. SOUTH
3. NORTH
4. WEST
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) EAST
Explanation
Facing North, right → East, right → South, left → East.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: North → right = East → right = South → left = East.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ram faced South after the second right turn, but the final left turn takes him East.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: North was only the starting direction.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a left turn from South leads East, not West.
Q5Open question
Writing in alphabetical order, which of the following names will appear last?
1. Mahinder
2. Mohinder
3. Mohender
4. Mahendra
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Mohinder
Explanation
Order: Mahendra, Mahinder, Mohender, Mohinder.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: names starting 'Ma' come before those starting 'Mo'.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: 'Mohi' comes after 'Mohe' because I follows E, so Mohinder is last.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 'Mohe' comes before 'Mohi'.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 'Ma' names come before 'Mo' names.
Q6Open question
Nitin is 7 ranks ahead of Joginder in a class of 39. If Joginder's rank is 17th from the last, what is Nitin's rank from the beginning?
1. 17th
2. 15th
3. 18th
4. 16th
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 16th
Explanation
Rank from top = total − rank from bottom + 1 = 23 for Joginder; Nitin is 7 ahead, so 16th.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this ignores that Joginder is 23rd from the top.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this places Nitin 8 ranks ahead, not 7.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: this does not match 23 − 7.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Joginder from the top = 39 − 17 + 1 = 23; Nitin = 23 − 7 = 16th.
Q7Open question
If + means ×, × means −, ÷ means + and − means ÷, then 175 − 25 ÷ 5 + 20 × 3 + 10 equals:
1. 77
2. 87
3. 140
4. 70
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 77
Explanation
Replace the signs: 175 ÷ 25 + 5 × 20 − 3 × 10 = 7 + 100 − 30 = 77.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: converted expression is 175 ÷ 25 + 5 × 20 − 3 × 10 = 7 + 100 − 30 = 77.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this comes from an arithmetic slip; the correct value is 77.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: this ignores the BODMAS order after substitution.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: this drops one of the terms; the correct value is 77.
Q8Open question
Rahul is 3 times as old as Seema. Laxmi was twice as old as Rahul four years ago. In four years' time, Rahul will be 31. What are the present ages of Seema and Laxmi?
1. 10, 50
2. 9, 52
3. 9, 45
4. 9, 50
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 9, 50
Explanation
Rahul now = 31 − 4 = 27, Seema = 9. Four years ago Rahul = 23, so Laxmi was 46 and is 50 now.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Seema is 27 ÷ 3 = 9, not 10.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Laxmi is 46 + 4 = 50, not 52.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Laxmi was 46 four years ago, so she is 50 now.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Rahul is 27 now, Seema 9; four years ago Rahul was 23, Laxmi 46, so Laxmi is 50 now.
Q9Open question
Find the missing number from the given alternatives: 28 20 7 84 ? 12 45 25 9
1. 30
2. 35
3. 20
4. 25
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 35
Explanation
In each row, first number × 5 = second × third (28×5 = 20×7 = 140; 45×5 = 25×9 = 225). So ? = 84×5 ÷ 12 = 35.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: 30 × 12 = 360, but 84 × 5 = 420.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: pattern: first × 5 = middle × third; 84 × 5 = 420 = 35 × 12.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 20 × 12 = 240, not 420.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 25 × 12 = 300, not 420.
Q10Open question
RAIN is written in a code as 8$%6 and MORE is written as 7#8@. How will REMAIN be written in that code language?
1. @$86%7
2. %7@%6#
3. 86@$#7
4. 8@7$%6
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 8@7$%6
Explanation
From the two codes: R=8, A=$, I=%, N=6, M=7, O=#, E=@. So REMAIN = 8@7$%6.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: R should be 8, not @.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: letter order and symbols do not match the given codes.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: E is @, not 6, and N is 6, not 7.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: R=8, E=@, M=7, A=$, I=%, N=6.
Q11Open question
How many bronze medals were won by Bihar players in the 38th National Junior Athletics Championship 2025?
1. 4
2. 5
3. 6
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 5
Explanation
Bihar's tally was 1 gold, 6 silver and 5 bronze medals.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bihar's bronze tally was 5.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Bihar won 1 gold, 6 silver and 5 bronze, its best-ever showing.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 6 was Bihar's silver count, not bronze.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only one figure (5) is correct.
Q12Open question
Which districts in Bihar will benefit from the Kosi-Mechi Link Project?
1. Patna, Nalanda, Gaya, Siwan
2. Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi, Begusarai
3. Araria, Purnea, Kishanganj, Katihar
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Araria, Purnea, Kishanganj, Katihar
Explanation
The Kosi-Mechi intra-state link carries surplus Kosi water to the Mahananda basin, benefiting Araria, Purnea, Kishanganj and Katihar.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: these are south/west Bihar districts far from the Kosi-Mechi area.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: these are in north-central Bihar, not the Seemanchal command area.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the link canal irrigates the Mahananda basin in these four Seemanchal districts.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option C names the benefiting districts.
Q13Open question
Which Indian languages are accorded the status of Classical Language?
1. Telugu
2. Marathi
3. Bengali
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
In October 2024 Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali were added, taking the total to 11; Telugu was already on the list.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Telugu has been a classical language since 2008, but it is not the only one listed.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Marathi got the status in October 2024, but it is not the only one listed.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bengali got the status in October 2024, but it is not the only one listed.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Telugu, Marathi and Bengali all have classical status.
Q14Open question
Which organisation recognised the Nagi Bird Sanctuary site as an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA)?
1. UNESCO
2. World Wildlife Fund
3. BirdLife International
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) BirdLife International
Explanation
Nagi (Jamui, Bihar) was recognised as an IBA by BirdLife International.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: UNESCO lists World Heritage Sites, not IBAs.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: WWF does not run the IBA programme.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: IBAs are designated by BirdLife International (with BNHS as its Indian partner).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only BirdLife International designates IBAs.
Q15Open question
Where was the National Panchayati Raj Day 2025 event organised?
1. Patna
2. Madhubani
3. Gaya
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Madhubani
Explanation
The national celebration on 24 April 2025 was held in Madhubani district, Bihar.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the national event was not held in Patna.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: PM Modi addressed the event at Jhanjharpur, Madhubani on 24 April 2025.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the event was not held in Gaya.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the event had a single venue, Madhubani.
Q16Open question
What is the primary objective of the Lunar Trailblazer mission?
1. To detect and map water on the Moon's surface
2. To create a 3D model of the entire Moon
3. To test new lunar rovers
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) To detect and map water on the Moon's surface
Explanation
Lunar Trailblazer (NASA, launched Feb 2025) was a small satellite meant to map water on the Moon.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: NASA's Lunar Trailblazer was built to map the form, abundance and location of lunar water.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: 3D mapping was not its main goal.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: it was an orbiter, not a rover test.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option A states its objective.
Q17Open question
Afrikaners refers to which people?
1. People of Indo-African descent in the U.S.
2. Indigenous tribal communities in Africa
3. The white minority group in South Africa
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) The white minority group in South Africa
Explanation
Afrikaners are a white ethnic minority in South Africa descended mainly from Dutch settlers.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Afrikaners are not a U.S. group.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Afrikaners are of European settler descent, not indigenous.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Afrikaners are white South Africans, mainly of Dutch descent, who speak Afrikaans.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option C is correct.
Q18Open question
What is the name of the 16th-century stepwell that the Archaeological Survey of India recently conserved in collaboration with the World Monuments Fund India?
1. Agrasen ki Baoli
2. Rajon ki Baoli
3. Chauki Bavdi
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Rajon ki Baoli
Explanation
Rajon ki Baoli (Mehrauli, Delhi), built in the early 16th century under the Lodis, was conserved by ASI and WMF India.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Agrasen ki Baoli was not this conservation project.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Rajon ki Baoli in Mehrauli was restored by ASI with WMF India (with TCS Foundation support).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: this was not the stepwell in the project.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Rajon ki Baoli fits.
Q19Open question
What is the name of the city mayor who proclaimed April 14, 2025, as Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Day in New York City?
1. Bill de Blasio
2. Eric Adams
3. Sadiq Khan
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Eric Adams
Explanation
NYC Mayor Eric Adams proclaimed 14 April 2025 as Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Day.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: de Blasio left office in 2021.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Eric Adams was NYC mayor in April 2025 and issued the proclamation.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Sadiq Khan is the Mayor of London.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Eric Adams made the proclamation.
Q20Open question
What is the permanent slogan for the Eurovision Song Contest?
1. Music Unites Us
2. Together in Song
3. United By Music
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) United By Music
Explanation
The European Broadcasting Union made 'United By Music' Eurovision's permanent slogan.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is not the official slogan.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is not the official slogan.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: 'United By Music', first used in 2023, was adopted as the permanent slogan.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: there is one permanent slogan.
Q21Open question
What is true of the GSLV-F15 mission by ISRO?
1. It carried the NVS-02 satellite
2. It marked ISRO's 101st launch from Sriharikota
3. It marked ISRO's 100th launch from Sriharikota
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
GSLV-F15 (29 Jan 2025) placed the NVS-02 navigation satellite and was ISRO's 100th launch from Sriharikota.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but statement C is also true.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: it was the 100th, not 101st.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but statement A is also true.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: both A and C are true: GSLV-F15 carried NVS-02 and was the 100th launch from Sriharikota.
Q22Open question
What is true of the 18th G20 Summit?
1. It was held in Rio de Janeiro
2. Its theme was: Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet
3. The Rio de Janeiro Declaration emphasised the taxation of billionaires
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) None of the above
Explanation
The 18th G20 Summit was held in New Delhi on 9–10 September 2023 under the theme 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam – One Earth, One Family, One Future'.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Rio hosted the 19th summit (2024); the 18th was in New Delhi (2023).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this was Brazil's 2024 (19th) theme; the 18th was 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam'.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the Rio Declaration belongs to the 19th summit; the 18th produced the New Delhi Leaders' Declaration.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: all three statements describe the 19th summit, not the 18th.
Q23Open question
The UN climate conference held in Baku in 2024 concluded with an agreement that:
1. Aims to ban fossil fuels globally by 2030
2. Calls on developed countries to provide at least $500 billion annually to developing nations by 2030
3. Calls on developed countries to provide at least $300 billion annually to developing nations by 2035
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Calls on developed countries to provide at least $300 billion annually to developing nations by 2035
Explanation
COP29 in Baku agreed the NCQG: developed countries to lead in providing at least $300 billion a year by 2035.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: COP29 set no fossil-fuel ban.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the figure and year are wrong.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the New Collective Quantified Goal set at least $300 billion a year by 2035.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option C is correct.
Q24Open question
Han Kang, awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2024 — her novel 'The Vegetarian' won which other prestigious award?
1. Pulitzer Prize
2. PEN America Literary Awards
3. International Booker Prize
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) International Booker Prize
Explanation
The Vegetarian (translated by Deborah Smith) won the International Booker Prize in 2016.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the Pulitzer is for American works.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is not the award the novel is known for.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: The Vegetarian won the Man Booker International Prize in 2016.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option C is correct.
Q25Open question
Which glacier of Nepal among the following was declared 'dead' in May 2025?
1. Khumbu Glacier
2. Yala Glacier
3. Imja Glacier
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Yala Glacier
Explanation
Yala Glacier (Langtang, Nepal) was declared 'dead' in May 2025 after losing most of its mass.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Khumbu (Everest region) is still an active glacier.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Yala Glacier in Langtang was declared dead and a memorial 'funeral' held in May 2025.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Imja is known for its growing glacial lake, not this declaration.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Yala was declared dead.
Q26Open question
According to the UNDP Human Development Report 2025, life expectancy in India increased from 58.6 years in 1990 to how many years in 2023?
1. 72 years
2. 73 years
3. 74 years
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 72 years
Explanation
HDR 2025 reported India's life expectancy rising from 58.6 years (1990) to 72 years (2023), its highest ever.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: HDR 2025 puts India's 2023 life expectancy at about 72 years.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the report's figure is 72 years.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the report's figure is 72 years.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only one figure is correct.
Q27Open question
In which city was the AI Action Summit held in February 2025?
1. Bengaluru
2. Paris
3. Rome
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Paris
Explanation
The AI Action Summit took place in Paris on 10–11 February 2025.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: India co-chaired the summit but it was held in France.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the AI Action Summit was held in Paris, co-chaired by France and India.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: it was not held in Rome.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: it had one host city, Paris.
Q28Open question
At the 96th Academy Awards (2024), Emma Stone won the Oscar for Actress in a Leading Role for her performance in which film?
1. La La Land
2. Poor Things
3. The Favourite
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Poor Things
Explanation
Emma Stone won her second Best Actress Oscar in 2024 for Poor Things.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: La La Land won her the 2017 (89th) Oscar.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: she won Best Actress at the 96th Oscars for Poor Things.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: she was nominated (supporting) for this, not winning in 2024.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Poor Things is correct.
Q29Open question
Which Gujarati film won the 70th National Film Award for Best Feature Film promoting national, social and environmental values?
1. Hellaro
2. Chhello Show
3. Kutch Express
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Kutch Express
Explanation
Kutch Express (Gujarati) won Best Feature Film Promoting National, Social and Environmental Values at the 70th National Film Awards.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Hellaro won Best Feature Film at the 66th awards.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Chhello Show was India's Oscar entry, not this award.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Kutch Express won this category at the 70th National Film Awards.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Kutch Express won it.
Q30Open question
Which of the following individuals or organisations was a recipient of the Ramon Magsaysay Award 2024?
1. Karma Phuntsho
2. Rural Doctors Movement
3. Miyazaki Hayao
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
The 2024 Ramon Magsaysay awardees included Karma Phuntsho, Miyazaki Hayao, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Phuong, Farwiza Farhan and the Rural Doctors Movement.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a 2024 awardee (Bhutan), but not the only one listed.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a 2024 awardee (Thailand), but not the only one listed.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a 2024 awardee (Japan), but not the only one listed.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: all three were among the 2024 awardees.
Q31Open question
Which of the following statements are true about Akashteer?
1. Akashteer is the core of the Indian Army's Air Defence (AAD) system
2. It seamlessly integrates into India's larger C4ISR framework
3. It reflects a strategic shift from passive defence to proactive retaliation
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
Akashteer, built by BEL, is the Army's automated air-defence control and reporting system; it was highlighted during Operation Sindoor (2025).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but B and C are also true.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but A and C are also true.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but A and B are also true.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: all three statements are true.
Q32Open question
Which of the following defence platforms are part of India's growing indigenous military ecosystem supported by the Make in India initiative?
1. F-35 Lightning II
2. Main Battle Tank (MBT) Arjun
3. Advanced Towed Artillery Gun System (ATAGS)
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
Arjun MBT and ATAGS are DRDO-developed indigenous systems; the F-35 is foreign.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the F-35 is an American (Lockheed Martin) fighter.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: indigenous (DRDO), but ATAGS is also correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: indigenous (DRDO with Indian industry), but Arjun is also correct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: both Arjun MBT and ATAGS are indigenous platforms.
Q33Open question
Which day is observed as Holocaust Memorial Day?
1. January 15
2. January 27
3. February 10
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) January 27
Explanation
International Holocaust Remembrance Day is 27 January, the anniversary of Auschwitz's liberation.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: January 15 is Indian Army Day.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: 27 January marks the 1945 liberation of Auschwitz-Birkenau.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not associated with Holocaust remembrance.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only 27 January is correct.
Q34Open question
What is the title of the book by Banu Mushtaq that won the 2025 International Booker Prize?
1. Light of the Heart
2. Heart Lamp
3. Soul Lantern
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Heart Lamp
Explanation
Heart Lamp, a Kannada short-story collection, was the first Kannada book to win the International Booker.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the title of the winning book.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Heart Lamp, translated from Kannada by Deepa Bhasthi, won in 2025.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the title of the winning book.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Heart Lamp is correct.
Q35Open question
According to the Indus Waters Treaty, the three eastern rivers are allocated to India. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
1. Jhelum
2. Ravi
3. Sutlej
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Jhelum
Explanation
Eastern rivers (India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej. Western rivers (Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Jhelum is a western river (with Indus and Chenab), allocated to Pakistan.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ravi is an eastern river allocated to India.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Sutlej is an eastern river allocated to India.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Jhelum is not an eastern river.
Q36Open question
Which of the following statement/s is/are correct about the Capability Poverty Measure (CPM) developed by the UNDP? 1) CPM includes child malnutrition as a proxy for lack of health and nourishment. 2) Female illiteracy is included to reflect deprivation in education and knowledge. 3) It considers male illiteracy as a key indicator of capability poverty. 4) It includes lack of access to clean drinking water as an important indicator of capability poverty. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
1. 1 and 2
2. 1, 2 and 3
3. Only 1
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1 and 2
Explanation
UNDP's CPM (HDR 1996) has three indicators: underweight children under 5, births unattended by trained health personnel, and female illiteracy.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: CPM uses underweight children under five and female illiteracy (plus births unattended by trained staff).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: male illiteracy is not a CPM indicator.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only code A matches.
Q37Open question
Which of the following is NOT among the top ten principal commodities of India's export during April–September 2024-25?
1. Petroleum Products
2. Iron and Steel
3. Basmati Rice
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
The top ten included engineering goods, petroleum products, electronics, gems & jewellery, drugs & pharma, chemicals, RMG, rice, plastics and marine products.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: petroleum products are among the top ten.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not in the top ten, but Basmati Rice is also not listed.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not listed separately (only 'Rice' is), but Iron and Steel is also out.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: both Iron and Steel and Basmati Rice are outside the top ten.
Q38Open question
According to the India State of Forest Report 2023 (ISFR 2023):
1. The total forest and tree cover of the country is 15% of the geographical area of the country.
2. The top three states having the largest recorded forest area (RFA) are Jharkhand, Andaman & Nicobar and Manipur.
3. The maximum tree cover has been found in the State of Maharashtra, followed by Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) The maximum tree cover has been found in the State of Maharashtra, followed by Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
Explanation
ISFR 2023: forest + tree cover is 25.17% of India's area; Maharashtra has the most tree cover, followed by Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: it is about 25.17%, not 15%.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: these are not the top three by RFA.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: ISFR 2023 ranks Maharashtra, Rajasthan and UP top for tree cover.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only statement C is correct.
Q39Open question
Which of the following countries had a greater share than India in global services exports in 2023?
1. Russia
2. Ireland
3. Indonesia
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Ireland
Explanation
India was the 7th largest services exporter in 2023 (~4.3% share); Ireland ranked above it.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Russia's share is well below India's (~4.3%).
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Ireland, a major hub for tech and finance services, had a larger share than India.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Indonesia's share is far below India's.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Ireland exceeded India.
Q40Open question
Which of the following statement/s is/are NOT CORRECT about the U-WIN portal of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare?
1. It provides QR-based e-vaccination certificates
2. It facilitates the creation of Ayushman Bharat Health Accounts (ABHA) for parents and children
3. The portal is accessible in 11 regional languages
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) None of the above
Explanation
U-WIN digitises routine immunisation for pregnant women and children: QR-based certificates, ABHA creation and 11-language access.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is a correct feature of U-WIN.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is a correct feature of U-WIN.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is a correct feature of U-WIN.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: all three statements are correct, so none is 'not correct'.
Q41Open question
Which organisation jointly developed the National Urban Innovation Stack (NUIS) Digital Blueprint with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)?
1. Ministry of Electronics and IT
2. National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA)
3. NITI Aayog
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA)
Explanation
The NUIS digital blueprint was prepared by MoHUA together with the National Institute of Urban Affairs.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: MeitY partners on the Urban Digital Mission, not this blueprint.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: NIUA, MoHUA's think tank, co-developed the NUIS blueprint.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: NITI Aayog did not co-develop it.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only NIUA is correct.
Q42Open question
Which state had the highest constructed road length under Bharatmala Pariyojana as of 31 October 2024?
1. Rajasthan
2. Uttar Pradesh
3. Maharashtra
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Rajasthan
Explanation
As per MoRTH data up to 31 Oct 2024, Rajasthan had the highest completed length under Bharatmala.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Rajasthan led, helped by long stretches of the Delhi–Mumbai Expressway and Amritsar–Jamnagar corridor.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: UP was behind Rajasthan.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Maharashtra was behind Rajasthan.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Rajasthan topped the list.
Q43Open question
Before the launch of the Kisan Rin Portal (KRP), claims under the Interest Subvention and Prompt Repayment Incentive schemes were submitted manually to which institution/s?
1. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare and NABARD
2. Reserve Bank of India and NABARD
3. National Payments Corporation of India and Reserve Bank of India
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Reserve Bank of India and NABARD
Explanation
Under the Modified Interest Subvention Scheme, claims were earlier processed manually by RBI and NABARD; KRP (2023) digitised this.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the ministry funds the scheme but claims went through RBI and NABARD.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: banks submitted claims to RBI (commercial banks) and NABARD (RRBs/co-op banks).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: NPCI had no role in these claims.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option B is correct.
Q44Open question
India's foreign exchange reserves:
1. Increased to around USD 640 billion as of the end of December 2024
2. Are the seventh largest in the world
3. Decreased due to a BoP deficit of around USD 24 billion in 2024
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Increased to around USD 640 billion as of the end of December 2024
Explanation
India's reserves were about $640 billion at end-December 2024, among the four largest in the world.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: reserves stood at about $640 billion at end-December 2024.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: India ranks about fourth, not seventh.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is not supported by the data for 2024.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only statement A is correct.
Q45Open question
As per NFHS-5 data, which of the following state(s) recorded less than 6% of the population as multidimensionally poor in 2019-20?
1. Jammu and Kashmir
2. Himachal Pradesh
3. Uttar Pradesh
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
NITI Aayog's MPI (NFHS-5) shows J&K and Himachal Pradesh under 6%, while UP was over 20%.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: about 4.8%, below 6%, but Himachal also qualifies.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: about 4.9%, below 6%, but J&K also qualifies.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: UP's share was about 23%, far above 6%.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: both J&K and Himachal Pradesh were below 6%.
Q46Open question
Match List-I with List-II: List-I: a) Perform, Achieve and Trade (PAT) scheme; b) Mangrove Initiative for Shoreline Habitats & Tangible Incomes (MISHTI); c) Lifestyle for Environment (LiFE) initiative; d) National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) List-II: 1) Introduced in the Union Budget for 2023-24; 2) Aims to reduce emissions in energy-intensive industries; 3) Launched in 2019 as a national-level strategy; 4) Launched at COP26 in Glasgow in November 2021
1. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
2. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
3. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Explanation
PAT (BEE) cuts energy use in energy-intensive industries; MISHTI was announced in Budget 2023-24; LiFE was announced by PM Modi at COP26; NCAP began in 2019.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: PAT targets industrial energy efficiency (2), not the 2023-24 budget.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: NCAP was launched in 2019 (3), not 2.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: PAT–industry emissions, MISHTI–Budget 2023-24, LiFE–COP26, NCAP–2019.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only code C matches.
Q47Open question
According to the Annual PLFS 2023-24 report:
1. There is a greater increase in the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) of rural females as compared to urban females since 2021-22
2. Among the 36 states and union territories, 90% have a Workforce Participation Rate (WPR) (all ages) below the national average of 43.7 percent
3. The share of female workers in agriculture has decreased significantly from 2017-18 to 2023-24
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) There is a greater increase in the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR) of rural females as compared to urban females since 2021-22
Explanation
PLFS 2023-24 shows rising female LFPR driven mainly by rural women, many of whom joined agriculture.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: rural female LFPR has risen much faster than urban female LFPR.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: far fewer than 90% of states/UTs are below the national average.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the share actually increased (about 57% to 64%).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only statement A is correct.
Q48Open question
Which of the following was NOT an outcome of the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2020?
1. One Nation, One Subscription
2. Research and Innovation Excellence Frameworks (RIEF)
3. Atal Innovation Mission
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Atal Innovation Mission
Explanation
STIP 2020 proposed One Nation One Subscription and RIEF; the Atal Innovation Mission predates it (2016).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this was proposed in the STIP 2020 draft.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: RIEF was proposed in STIP 2020.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: AIM was set up by NITI Aayog in 2016, before STIP 2020.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only AIM is not an outcome.
Q49Open question
The share of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) has increased from ____ in 2020-21 to ____ in 2022-23.
1. 30.3%, 35.6%
2. 27.3%, 30.1%
3. 35.1%, 38.2%
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 27.3%, 30.1%
Explanation
Per official MSME data, the sector's GVA share rose from 27.3% to 30.1% between 2020-21 and 2022-23.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: these figures are too high.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: MSME share in GVA rose from 27.3% (2020-21) to 30.1% (2022-23).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: these figures are too high.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option B is correct.
Q50Open question
Which of the following statement/s is/are correct regarding the Indian cement industry? 1) Around 87% of India's cement industry is concentrated in a few major states like Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. 2) India is the largest producer of cement in the world. 3) Most cement plants in India are located far from raw material sources and near ports to support exports. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
1. 1
2. 2
3. 1 and 3
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1
Explanation
Cement is a weight-losing industry, so plants sit near limestone; India ranks second after China in output.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the industry is concentrated in limestone-rich states; 2 and 3 are false.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: India is the second-largest producer; China is first.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: plants are sited near limestone deposits, not ports.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only code A is correct.
Q51Open question
What is the primary objective of Bihar's Mission Daksh?
1. To increase school enrolment in primary schools in rural areas
2. To provide vocational training to teachers at senior-secondary level
3. To offer personalised mentoring for lagging students to reach grade-level competencies
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) To offer personalised mentoring for lagging students to reach grade-level competencies
Explanation
Mission Daksh (Bihar Education Dept.) gives remedial, personalised support to lagging students in government schools.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Daksh targets learning gaps, not enrolment.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: it is aimed at students, not teacher training.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: teachers mentor small groups of weak students to bring them up to grade level.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option C states its objective.
Q52Open question
Which of the following is NOT one of the components under the YUVA framework of the Bihar Startup Policy 2022?
1. Vibrancy in the education system
2. Regulatory enablers for support
3. International market expansion schemes
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) International market expansion schemes
Explanation
YUVA covers youth/education vibrancy, regulatory enablers, venture support and acceleration; international market schemes are not part of it.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is part of the YUVA framework.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is part of the YUVA framework.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: international market expansion is not a YUVA component.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option C is outside YUVA.
Q53Open question
Which of the following statement/s is/are correct about Bihar's economic performance in 2023-24?
1. Bihar's per capita GSDP at current prices increased by 12.8% in 2023-24 over the previous year
2. The estimated share of the tertiary sector in Bihar's GSVA (constant prices) in 2023-24 was 58.6%
3. Gross Fixed Capital Formation (GFCF) formed 4.6% of GSDP at current prices in 2023-24
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) More than one of the above
Explanation
Bihar Economic Survey 2024-25: per capita GSDP (current) rose 12.8% and the tertiary sector was about 58.6% of GSVA.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but B is also true.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but A is also true.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 4.6% matches the state's capital-outlay ratio, not total GFCF.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: statements A and B are both correct.
Q54Open question
Consider the following statements: 1) The proportion of the young population (0–19 years) in Bihar is projected to decline significantly by 2041. 2) Bihar's demographic dividend is expected to peak around 2041. 3) The elderly population (60+ years) in Bihar is expected to rise more sharply than in India. Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
1. 1 and 2 are correct
2. 1 and 3 are correct
3. 2 and 3 are correct
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1 and 2 are correct
Explanation
Bihar's high fertility means its population ages later and more slowly than India's, with its dividend peaking around 2041.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the young share falls and the working-age share peaks around 2041.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bihar ages more slowly than India, so 3 is false.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 3 is false.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only code A is correct.
Q55Open question
According to PLFS 2023-24, which of the following statements best describes the nature of employment among women in Bihar?
1. Most women are employed in formal, regular wage jobs
2. The majority of women are self-employed, often serving as helpers in household enterprises
3. The majority of women were engaged in the secondary sector
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) The majority of women are self-employed, often serving as helpers in household enterprises
Explanation
Female employment in Bihar is dominated by self-employment, especially as helpers in household enterprises and farms.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: regular wage work is a small share for women in Bihar.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: most working women in Bihar are self-employed, largely as unpaid household helpers.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: most women work in agriculture (primary sector).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only option B is correct.
Q56Open question
The power to recruit the secretarial staff of the House of the People is vested in:
1. Prime Minister's Office (PMO)
2. Union Public Service Commission
3. Staff Selection Commission
4. President after consultation with the Speaker of the House of the People
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) President after consultation with the Speaker of the House of the People
Explanation
Article 98 lets Parliament regulate its secretarial staff; pending such law, the President makes rules after consulting the Speaker.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the executive does not recruit Parliament's staff.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: UPSC does not recruit Lok Sabha Secretariat staff.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: SSC recruits for government departments, not Parliament.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Article 98(3): until Parliament legislates, the President may make rules after consulting the Speaker.
Q57Open question
The Attorney General of India:
1. Is not entitled to audience in any court except the Supreme Court
2. Gives advice to the President on legal matters
3. Cannot participate in the proceedings of the Houses of Parliament
4. Is a whole-time counsel for the government
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Gives advice to the President on legal matters
Explanation
The AG (Article 76) is India's highest law officer, advising the government and appearing for it.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: under Article 76(3) he has right of audience in all courts in India.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Article 76(2): he advises the Government of India on legal matters referred by the President.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Article 88 lets him speak and take part, though not vote.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: he is not a full-time government counsel and may do private practice (with limits).
Q58Open question
Consider the following subjects belonging to different lists of the Constitution of India. Which of these belong to the Concurrent List? 1) Protection of wildlife 2) Tax on agricultural income 3) Tax on consumption or sale of electricity 4) Price control
1. 1 and 4 are correct
2. 2 and 3 are correct
3. Only 4 is correct
4. Only 2 is correct
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1 and 4 are correct
Explanation
Wildlife protection moved to the Concurrent List by the 42nd Amendment (1976); price control is Concurrent Entry 34.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: wildlife protection (Entry 17B) and price control (Entry 34) are Concurrent List items.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are State List taxes (Entries 46 and 53).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: wildlife protection is also concurrent.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: agricultural income tax is a State subject.
Q59Open question
Which of the following Directive Principles do NOT follow Gandhian principles? 1) Organisation of village panchayats 2) Uniform Civil Code 3) Promotion of cottage industries in rural areas 4) Right to work
1. 1 and 2
2. Only 2
3. 2 and 4
4. 1 and 3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 2 and 4
Explanation
Gandhian DPSPs include village panchayats (40) and cottage industries (43); UCC (44) and right to work (41) are not Gandhian.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: village panchayats (Art. 40) are Gandhian.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: right to work (Art. 41) is also non-Gandhian.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: UCC (Art. 44) is liberal-intellectual; right to work (Art. 41) is socialistic.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: these two are the Gandhian ones.
Q60Open question
Which pair is NOT correctly matched?
1. Allocation of seats in the Council of States – 4th Schedule
2. Forms of oath – 3rd Schedule
3. Administration of Scheduled Areas – 6th Schedule
4. Union List – 7th Schedule
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Administration of Scheduled Areas – 6th Schedule
Explanation
The 5th Schedule deals with Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes; the 6th with tribal areas in four NE states.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: correctly matched.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: correctly matched.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Scheduled Areas are under the 5th Schedule; the 6th covers tribal areas of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: correctly matched.
Q61Open question
Consider the following statements about the Central Government: 1) Ministries and Departments are formed by the Prime Minister in consultation with the Cabinet Secretary. 2) Every Minister is allocated a Ministry by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. Of these:
1. Only 1 is correct
2. Only 2 is correct
3. 1 and 2 are correct
4. Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Only 2 is correct
Explanation
Under Article 77(3) and the Allocation of Business Rules, the President allocates portfolios on the PM's advice.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: ministries are created by the President under the Allocation of Business Rules, not by the PM with the Cabinet Secretary.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: business is allocated among ministers by the President on the PM's advice (Art. 77(3)).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is incorrect.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is correct.
Q62Open question
What is true about the proceedings of the State Legislature?
1. Business in the legislature shall be transacted only in the official language(s) of the State or in Hindi or in English
2. The Advocate General has the right to vote
3. It can discuss the conduct of any judge of the High Court also
4. Validity of proceedings can be called in question on the ground of any alleged irregularity
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Business in the legislature shall be transacted only in the official language(s) of the State or in Hindi or in English
Explanation
Article 210: business is conducted in the State's official language(s), Hindi or English (with the Speaker's leave for mother tongue).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: this is Article 210(1).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the Advocate General may speak (Art. 177) but cannot vote.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Article 211 bars such discussion.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Article 212 says courts cannot question proceedings for procedural irregularity.
Q63Open question
The Constitution of India provides for reasonable restrictions on Fundamental Rights, but reasonableness must keep in mind that: 1) The interest of the general public is safeguarded 2) Prevailing social values and social needs are not ignored 3) Directive Principles can be bypassed 4) Collective good is not greater Of these:
1. 1 and 2 are correct
2. 2 and 3 are correct
3. Only 4 is correct
4. Only 1 is correct
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1 and 2 are correct
Explanation
Reasonableness balances individual rights against public interest and social needs, in harmony with DPSPs (e.g. State of Madras v. V.G. Row).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: courts weigh public interest and prevailing social values/needs when judging reasonableness.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: DPSPs are not to be bypassed; they guide reasonableness.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the collective good is a key justification for restrictions.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
Q64Open question
Who among the following determines the qualifications requisite for appointment as a member of the Finance Commission?
1. President of India
2. Council of Ministers
3. Parliament by law
4. Union Cabinet
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Parliament by law
Explanation
Article 280(2): Parliament may by law determine qualifications; it did so via the Finance Commission (Misc. Provisions) Act, 1951.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the President appoints members but does not fix qualifications.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the Council of Ministers.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Article 280(2) lets Parliament set qualifications by law (Finance Commission Act, 1951).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the Cabinet.
Q65Open question
Consider the following statements: 1) Summoning of the House means its convocation. 2) Prorogation ends a session. 3) Dissolution terminates a House. 4) Prorogation of a session can be effected by the Leader of the House alone. Which of these is NOT true?
1. 2 and 3
2. 1 and 3
3. Only 2
4. Only 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Only 4
Explanation
Under Article 85, the President summons and prorogues the Houses and may dissolve the Lok Sabha.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are true statements.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are true statements.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: prorogation does end a session, so 2 is true.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: prorogation is ordered by the President (Art. 85), not the Leader of the House.
Q66Open question
Who is empowered to review the financial position of the Panchayats?
1. Chief Minister
2. Chairman of the Block Committee
3. Chairman of the District Council
4. Finance Commission constituted by the Governor
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Finance Commission constituted by the Governor
Explanation
Article 243-I requires the Governor to constitute a State Finance Commission to review Panchayats' finances.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the Chief Minister.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a constitutional reviewing authority.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the reviewing authority.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Article 243-I: the State Finance Commission, set up by the Governor every five years, reviews Panchayat finances.
Q67Open question
The Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme announced by the Government helps in: 1) Enhancing India's manufacturing capabilities and exports across industries 2) Incentivising foreign investment for domestic production Of these:
1. 1 is correct
2. 2 is correct
3. Both 1 and 2 are correct
4. Neither 1 nor 2 is correct
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2 are correct
Explanation
Atmanirbhar Bharat aims to make India self-reliant by strengthening manufacturing, exports and investment, including FDI.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is also correct.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: schemes like PLI boost manufacturing and exports and attract foreign investment into domestic production.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are correct.
Q68Open question
What is the main purpose of Panchayati Raj?
1. To increase agricultural production
2. To increase employment
3. To increase people's political awareness
4. To enable people to participate in development administration
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) To enable people to participate in development administration
Explanation
Panchayati Raj is democratic decentralisation: involving people directly in local development administration.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a possible outcome, not the main purpose.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the core purpose.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a by-product, not the main aim.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Panchayati Raj decentralises power so people take part in planning and development.
Q69Open question
What is true about a Censure Motion?
1. It is not different from a No-confidence motion
2. It is different from a No-confidence motion
3. It is not mandatory to mention the reasons in this motion
4. Permission of the House is not essential to present it
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) It is different from a No-confidence motion
Explanation
A censure motion disapproves specific policies or actions and must state reasons; a no-confidence motion needs no reasons and topples the government if passed.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the two are different motions.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: a censure motion must state reasons, can target a minister, and its passage does not force resignation.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: reasons must be stated in a censure motion.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: it needs the Speaker's admission/leave of the House.
Q70Open question
Which one of the following subjects falls within the jurisdiction of both the High Court and the Supreme Court?
1. Dispute between the Centre and a State
2. Dispute among States
3. Protection of fundamental rights
4. Protection from violation of the Constitution
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Protection of fundamental rights
Explanation
Fundamental rights can be enforced in the Supreme Court (Art. 32) and High Courts (Art. 226).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: exclusive original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (Art. 131).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: also exclusive to the Supreme Court (Art. 131).
- (C) Correct
  Correct: both can issue writs: SC under Art. 32, HCs under Art. 226.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: too broad; the specific shared writ jurisdiction is over fundamental rights.
Q71Open question
Which Indian leader for the first time used the 'safety-valve theory' to attack the Moderates in the Congress?
1. Bipin Chandra Pal
2. Lala Lajpat Rai
3. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
4. Dadabhai Naoroji
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation
The safety-valve theory (Congress as a vent for Indian discontent created by Hume) was first used by Lala Lajpat Rai against the Moderates.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the first to use it.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: he used it in 1916 (Young India) to attack the Moderates.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not credited with first using it.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: he was himself a Moderate.
Q72Open question
On which Viceroy was a bomb thrown on the occasion of his state entry into Delhi?
1. Lord Curzon
2. Lord Minto
3. Lord Hardinge
4. Lord Wavell
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Lord Hardinge
Explanation
Rash Behari Bose and Basant Kumar Biswas organised the bomb attack on Lord Hardinge during the capital's shift to Delhi (1912).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: no such attack on Curzon.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Minto survived an attack at Ahmedabad (1909), not at Delhi entry.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: a bomb was thrown at Hardinge in Chandni Chowk on 23 Dec 1912 (Delhi Conspiracy).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: no such incident.
Q73Open question
Who got an opportunity to become a Professor of Indian Philosophy in the University of California in 1911?
1. Sohan Singh Bhakna
2. Virendranath Chattopadhyay
3. Har Dayal
4. Shyamji Krishna Varma
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Har Dayal
Explanation
Lala Har Dayal lectured on Indian philosophy in California in 1911 and co-founded the Ghadar Party in 1913.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: he was the Ghadar Party's first president, not a professor.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: he worked in Europe (Berlin Committee).
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Har Dayal taught Indian philosophy (Stanford, California) in 1911 before founding the Ghadar Party.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: he was based in London (India House).
Q74Open question
Name the Principal of M.A.O. College, Aligarh, who encouraged Muslim communalism in the last decades of the 19th century.
1. Dunlop Smith
2. Minto
3. William Morris
4. Theodore Beck
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Theodore Beck
Explanation
Theodore Beck, Principal of MAO College (1883–99), encouraged Muslim separatism and opposed the Congress.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: he was Minto's private secretary, not MAO principal.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Minto was Viceroy (1905–10).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not associated with MAO College.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Beck, principal from 1883, pushed separatist, anti-Congress politics.
Q75Open question
'Young India', a nationalist paper, was started by:
1. Annie Besant
2. Mahatma Gandhi
3. Bal Gangadhar Tilak
4. Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation
Young India is best known as Gandhi's weekly (1919–1931). Note: it was first founded in 1916 by Jamnadas Dwarkadas, and Lajpat Rai also ran a 'Young India' in the USA, so this question was disputed after the exam.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: she ran New India and Commonweal.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Gandhi published Young India as his weekly from 1919.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Tilak ran Kesari and Mahratta.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Azad ran Al-Hilal and Al-Balagh.
Q76Open question
Which Commission accentuated the discontent among all political groups and parties for not associating any Indian member with it?
1. Welby Commission
2. Cripps Mission
3. Simon Commission
4. Cabinet Mission
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Simon Commission
Explanation
The Simon Commission had seven British MPs and no Indian member, uniting Indian parties in protest.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Welby Commission (1895) had Dadabhai Naoroji as a member.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Cripps Mission (1942) was a negotiating mission, not this controversy.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the all-white Simon Commission (1927) was boycotted with 'Simon Go Back'.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Cabinet Mission (1946) negotiated with Indian leaders.
Q77Open question
Who assumed command of the Indian National Army and gave the famous battle cry 'Chalo Delhi'?
1. Rash Behari Bose
2. Mohan Singh
3. Shah Nawaz Khan
4. Subhas Chandra Bose
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Subhas Chandra Bose
Explanation
Subhas Chandra Bose took over the INA in Singapore in 1943 and gave the slogans 'Chalo Delhi' and 'Jai Hind'.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: he handed over leadership to Subhas Bose in 1943.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: he formed the first INA (1942) but did not give 'Chalo Delhi'.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: an INA officer, not its supreme commander.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Bose took command in 1943 and gave the 'Chalo Delhi' call.
Q78Open question
"We shall either free India or die in the attempt..." Who said it?
1. Jawaharlal Nehru
2. Mahatma Gandhi
3. Abul Kalam Azad
4. V.D. Savarkar
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation
This line is from Gandhi's 'Do or Die' call launching the Quit India Movement in 1942.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not Nehru's words.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Gandhi said this in his 'Do or Die' speech at the Quit India session (8 Aug 1942).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not Azad's words.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not Savarkar's words.
Q79Open question
Who raised the cry "Divide and Quit"?
1. M.A. Ansari
2. M.A. Jinnah
3. Jawaharlal Nehru
4. Muhammad Iqbal
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) M.A. Jinnah
Explanation
In response to Quit India (1942), the Muslim League under Jinnah raised the slogan 'Divide and Quit'.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ansari was a nationalist Congress leader.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Jinnah answered 'Quit India' with 'Divide and Quit'.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Nehru opposed partition demands.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Iqbal died in 1938, before this slogan.
Q80Open question
Which Act provided for the partition of India into two new dominions – India and Pakistan?
1. Government of India Act, 1919
2. Government of India Act, 1935
3. Indian Independence Act, 1947
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Indian Independence Act, 1947
Explanation
The Indian Independence Act, 1947 (based on the Mountbatten Plan) partitioned British India into two dominions.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: it introduced dyarchy in provinces.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: it proposed an all-India federation, not partition.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: it created the dominions of India and Pakistan from 15 August 1947.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option C is correct.
Q81Open question
Which Congress leader visited Bihar in 1918 to strengthen the activities of the Home Rule League?
1. B.G. Tilak
2. Annie Besant
3. Mahatma Gandhi
4. M.A. Ansari
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Annie Besant
Explanation
Bihar's Home Rule League (1916) was affiliated to Besant's league; her 1918 visit boosted its work.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Tilak's league worked mainly in Maharashtra, Karnataka and CP.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Besant's All-India Home Rule League covered Bihar, and she toured Bihar in 1918.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Gandhi was not a Home Rule League leader.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not linked to this visit.
Q82Open question
The Champaran Agrarian Committee was appointed as a result of an agreement between:
1. Indian Government and Gandhiji
2. Indian Government and Raj Kumar Shukla
3. Indian Government and Rajendra Prasad
4. Indian Government and Anugraha Narayan Singh
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Indian Government and Gandhiji
Explanation
In June 1917 the Bihar government formed the Champaran Agrarian Enquiry Committee with Gandhi as a member; it led to the Champaran Agrarian Act, 1918.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the government set it up after talks with Gandhi, who was made a member.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Shukla invited Gandhi but was not a party to the agreement.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Prasad assisted Gandhi but was not the party.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: he assisted Gandhi but was not the party.
Q83Open question
Who was the prominent leader of the Kisan Sabha movement in Bihar?
1. Raj Kumar Shukla
2. Sahajanand Saraswati
3. Acharya Narendra Dev
4. Baba Ram Chandra
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Sahajanand Saraswati
Explanation
Swami Sahajanand Saraswati founded the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha in 1929 and later led the All India Kisan Sabha (1936).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: associated with Champaran, not the Kisan Sabha.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: he founded the Bihar Provincial Kisan Sabha (1929).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a socialist leader, mainly in UP.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: led the Awadh Kisan Sabha (UP).
Q84Open question
Who was killed while hoisting the national flag in the area of Bikram Police Station?
1. Raghunath Singh of Gorakhari
2. Ram Narain of Bikrampur
3. Satyendra of Gorakhari
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Raghunath Singh of Gorakhari
Explanation
During the 1942 Quit India Movement in Patna district, Raghunath Singh of Gorakhari was killed hoisting the flag at Bikram police station.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: he was shot while hoisting the tricolour at Bikram during the Quit India Movement.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the martyr of this incident.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the martyr of this incident.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option A is correct.
Q85Open question
Who was the Chief Minister (Premier) of Bihar in March 1939?
1. Anugraha Narayan Singh
2. Rajendra Prasad
3. Shri Krishna Singh
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Shri Krishna Singh
Explanation
Shri Krishna Singh headed Bihar's Congress ministry (1937–39) under the GoI Act 1935 until Congress ministries resigned in 1939.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: he was the deputy and finance minister.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: he never headed the Bihar ministry.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Sri Babu led the Congress ministry from July 1937 till October 1939.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option C is correct.
Q86Open question
Match List-I (Places in Ancient India) with List-II (Present State): a) Karnasuvarna b) Pragjyotisha c) Girnar d) Pratishthan 1) Maharashtra 2) Gujarat 3) West Bengal 4) Assam
1. a-4, b-3, c-2, d-1
2. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
3. a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1
4. a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
Explanation
Karnasuvarna was Shashanka's capital (Murshidabad, WB); Pragjyotisha is ancient Kamarupa (Assam); Girnar is in Junagadh; Pratishthan is Paithan, the Satavahana capital.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Karnasuvarna is in Bengal and Pragjyotisha in Assam, not the reverse.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Karnasuvarna–West Bengal, Pragjyotisha–Assam, Girnar–Gujarat, Pratishthan–Maharashtra.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Pragjyotisha is in Assam, Girnar in Gujarat.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
Q87Open question
Which one of the following is NOT related to the Rigvedic period?
1. Ghosha
2. Gargi
3. Apala
4. Vishvavara
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Gargi
Explanation
Ghosha, Apala, Vishvavara and Lopamudra are Rigvedic women; Gargi appears in the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad (later Vedic).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ghosha composed Rigvedic hymns.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Gargi Vachaknavi belongs to the later Vedic (Upanishadic) period.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Apala is a Rigvedic woman seer.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Vishvavara is a Rigvedic woman seer.
Q88Open question
Match List-I (Event/Place) with List-II (Person): a) Chola Gangam Lake b) Appointment of Dharma Mahamatras c) Assembly at Prayag d) Sudarshan Lake 1) Chandragupta Maurya 2) Harshavardhana 3) Rajendra I 4) Ashoka
1. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
2. a-1, b-4, c-2, d-3
3. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
4. a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
Explanation
Rajendra I built Chola Gangam after his Ganga campaign; Ashoka appointed Dharma Mahamatras; Harsha held quinquennial assemblies at Prayag; Sudarshan Lake was built under Chandragupta Maurya.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Chola Gangam–Rajendra I, Dharma Mahamatras–Ashoka, Prayag–Harsha, Sudarshan–Chandragupta.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Chola Gangam was built by Rajendra I.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the Prayag assembly was Harsha's.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
Q89Open question
Who among the following rulers ruled for the longest period?
1. Alauddin Khilji
2. Muhammad bin Tughluq
3. Bahlol Lodi
4. Balban
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Bahlol Lodi
Explanation
Bahlol Lodi, founder of the Lodi dynasty, reigned for about 38 years.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: ruled about 20 years (1296–1316).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: ruled about 26 years (1325–1351).
- (C) Correct
  Correct: ruled about 38 years (1451–1489), the longest here.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: ruled about 20 years (1266–1287).
Q90Open question
Consider the following dynasties of ancient India: 1) Shunga 2) Maurya 3) Kushana 4) Kanva. Which is the correct chronological order of their rule?
1. 2-1-4-3
2. 1-2-3-4
3. 2-3-1-4
4. 2-1-3-4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 2-1-4-3
Explanation
Maurya (c. 321–185 BCE) → Shunga (185–73 BCE) → Kanva (73–28 BCE) → Kushana (1st century CE onward).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Maurya → Shunga → Kanva → Kushana.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the Mauryas came before the Shungas.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the Kushanas came after the Shungas and Kanvas.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the Kanvas (c. 73–28 BCE) preceded the Kushanas.
Q91Open question
Which one of the following was NOT written by Tulsidas?
1. Geetavali
2. Vinay Patrika
3. Sahitya Lahari
4. Kavitavali
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Sahitya Lahari
Explanation
Surdas wrote Sur Sagar, Sur Saravali and Sahitya Lahari; the others are Tulsidas's works.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a work of Tulsidas.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a work of Tulsidas.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Sahitya Lahari is by Surdas.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a work of Tulsidas.
Q92Open question
Match List-I (Building) with List-II (Built by): a) Kabuli Bagh Mosque b) Adhai Din ka Jhonpra c) Allahabad Fort d) Itmad-ud-Daulah's Tomb 1) Qutb-ud-din Aibak 2) Nur Jahan 3) Akbar 4) Babur
1. a-4, b-1, c-3, d-2
2. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
3. a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3
4. a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-4, b-1, c-3, d-2
Explanation
Babur built the Kabuli Bagh mosque at Panipat (1527); Nur Jahan built her father's tomb at Agra.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Kabuli Bagh–Babur, Adhai Din ka Jhonpra–Aibak, Allahabad Fort–Akbar, Itmad-ud-Daulah–Nur Jahan.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Kabuli Bagh mosque was built by Babur.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Allahabad Fort was built by Akbar.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a and b are swapped.
Q93Open question
Which one of the following is NOT correctly matched (Person – Associated with)?
1. James Augustus Hicky – Calcutta Chronicle
2. Dayananda Saraswati – Satyarth Prakash
3. Ramaswamy Naicker – Justice Party
4. Jyotirao Phule – Satyashodhak Samaj
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) James Augustus Hicky – Calcutta Chronicle
Explanation
Hicky's Bengal Gazette (1780) was India's first newspaper; the Calcutta Chronicle was a different paper.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Hicky published the Bengal Gazette (1780), not the Calcutta Chronicle.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: correctly matched.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: correctly matched (Periyar led the Justice Party).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: correctly matched (founded 1873).
Q94Open question
Match List-I (Father) with List-II (Son): a) Babur b) Akbar c) Shah Jahan d) Jahangir 1) Salim 2) Khusrau 3) Kamran 4) Murad
1. a-4, b-1, c-3, d-2
2. a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
3. a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4
4. a-4, b-2, c-3, d-1
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
Explanation
Kamran (Babur), Salim/Jahangir (Akbar), Murad Bakhsh (Shah Jahan) and Khusrau (Jahangir).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Kamran was Babur's son, not Shah Jahan's.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Babur–Kamran, Akbar–Salim, Shah Jahan–Murad (Bakhsh), Jahangir–Khusrau.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Khusrau was Jahangir's son.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
Q95Open question
Which Buddhist council was NOT held in Bihar?
1. First
2. Second
3. Third
4. Fourth
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Fourth
Explanation
Councils: Rajagriha, Vaishali, Pataliputra (all in Bihar) and Kashmir (fourth).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: held at Rajagriha (Bihar).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: held at Vaishali (Bihar).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: held at Pataliputra (Bihar).
- (D) Correct
  Correct: held at Kundalvana in Kashmir under Kanishka.
Q96Open question
Which of the following statements about Subhas Chandra Bose are correct? 1) He was elected President of the Indian National Congress at the Tripuri session of 1938 AD. 2) He escaped from house internment in January 1941 AD. 3) On 21 October 1943 AD he constituted the Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore.
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2 and 3
3. Only 1 and 3
4. 1, 2 and 3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Only 2 and 3
Explanation
Bose became Congress President at Haripura (1938) and was re-elected at Tripuri (1939), so statement 1 mixes them up.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Tripuri was in 1939; 1938 was Haripura.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the January 1941 escape and the 21 Oct 1943 Provisional Government are correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 has the wrong year.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is incorrect.
Q97Open question
Who among the following was NOT an Acharya at Nalanda University?
1. Nagarjuna
2. Kautilya
3. Sheelbhadra
4. Shantarakshita
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Kautilya
Explanation
Kautilya (Chanakya) belongs to the Mauryan era and Taxila; Nalanda flourished from the Gupta period.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: traditionally associated with Nalanda.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Kautilya was associated with Taxila, centuries before Nalanda.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Shilabhadra was Nalanda's head when Xuanzang visited.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a famous Nalanda scholar who went to Tibet.
Q98Open question
Consider the following events of modern Indian history: 1) Death sentence to Raja Nand Kumar 2) Treaty of Salbai 3) Battle of Wandiwash 4) Death of Tipu Sultan Which is the correct chronological order?
1. 2-3-4-1
2. 3-1-2-4
3. 2-4-1-3
4. 3-2-1-4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 3-1-2-4
Explanation
Wandiwash (1760), Nand Kumar hanged (1775), Treaty of Salbai (1782), Tipu killed (1799).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Wandiwash (1760) came first.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Wandiwash 1760 → Nand Kumar 1775 → Salbai 1782 → Tipu 1799.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: wrong order.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Nand Kumar's execution (1775) preceded Salbai (1782).
Q99Open question
Among the following newspapers of Bihar, which was the first one to be published?
1. Bihar Bandhu
2. Patna Harkara
3. Akhbar-e-Bihar
4. Bihar Herald
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Patna Harkara
Explanation
Patna Harkara is generally treated as Bihar's first newspaper among these options.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bihar Bandhu (1872) was the first Hindi paper of Bihar, but came later.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Patna Harkara is regarded as the earliest of these.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: came after Patna Harkara.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bihar Herald (1875) came later.
Q100Open question
Match List-I (Event/Organisation) with List-II (Related Person): a) Champaran Satyagraha b) Azad Dasta c) Individual Satyagraha in Bihar, 1940 d) Kisan Sabha, Bihar 1) Jayaprakash Narayan 2) Shyam Narayan Singh 3) Sahajanand Saraswati 4) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
1. a-4, b-2, c-3, d-1
2. a-2, b-3, c-1, d-4
3. a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
4. a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) a-4, b-1, c-2, d-3
Explanation
Rajendra Prasad assisted Gandhi at Champaran; JP organised the Azad Dasta from Nepal (1942); Sahajanand led the Bihar Kisan Sabha.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Azad Dasta was formed by JP.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Champaran is linked to Rajendra Prasad.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Champaran–Rajendra Prasad, Azad Dasta–JP, Individual Satyagraha–Shyam Narayan Singh, Kisan Sabha–Sahajanand.
Q101Open question
The Maginot Line exists between which countries?
1. U.S.A. & Canada
2. France & Germany
3. Namibia and Angola
4. South Korea & North Korea
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) France & Germany
Explanation
The Maginot Line was a French defensive line facing Germany, named after War Minister André Maginot.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: their border is the 49th parallel, not the Maginot Line.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: France built the Maginot Line of fortifications along its German border in the 1930s.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related to the Maginot Line.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: they are divided by the 38th parallel/DMZ.
Q102Open question
The Strait of Hormuz connects:
1. The Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman
2. Red Sea to the Gulf of Aden
3. Red Sea to the Indian Ocean
4. Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) The Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman
Explanation
The Strait of Hormuz, between Iran and Oman, joins the Persian Gulf to the Gulf of Oman.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Hormuz links the Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and Arabian Sea.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: that is the Bab-el-Mandeb strait.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: also via Bab-el-Mandeb, not Hormuz.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: that is the Suez Canal.
Q103Open question
Where is "Ground Zero"?
1. Greenwich
2. New York
3. Indira Point
4. Sriharikota
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) New York
Explanation
'Ground Zero' commonly refers to the site of the World Trade Center in New York destroyed on 11 Sept 2001.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Greenwich is the Prime Meridian (0° longitude).
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Ground Zero is the World Trade Center site of the 9/11 attacks.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Indira Point is India's southernmost tip.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Sriharikota is ISRO's launch site.
Q104Open question
Which of the following isthmuses has been known as the 'Devil's Neck'?
1. Isthmus of Panama
2. Kra Isthmus
3. Karelian Isthmus
4. Isthmus of Corinth
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Isthmus of Panama
Explanation
The Isthmus of Panama was called the 'Devil's Neck' because crossing it was dangerous due to jungle and disease.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: its deadly jungles and swamps (Darién) earned it the nickname 'Devil's Neck'.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Kra (Thailand) is not known by this name.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not known by this name.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not known by this name.
Q105Open question
'Ladang' refers to:
1. Shifting agriculture
2. Plantation agriculture
3. Subsistence type of agriculture
4. Dry farming
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Shifting agriculture
Explanation
Shifting cultivation has regional names: Ladang (Malaysia/Indonesia), Jhum (NE India), Milpa (Mexico), Roca (Brazil).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Ladang is the Malaysian/Indonesian name for slash-and-burn shifting cultivation.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: plantations are large commercial estates.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: too general; Ladang specifically means shifting cultivation.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: dry farming is rain-fed farming in low-rainfall areas.
Q106Open question
Which is the largest river island in the world?
1. Srirangam Island
2. Majuli Island
3. Bhavani Island
4. Agatti Island
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Majuli Island
Explanation
Majuli, in the Brahmaputra, was certified by Guinness as the world's largest river island (2016).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a Kaveri river island, much smaller.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Majuli in the Brahmaputra (Assam) is recognised as the largest river island.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a Krishna river island, much smaller.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Agatti is a Lakshadweep coral island, not a river island.
Q107Open question
The second largest river basin of India is:
1. Mahanadi river basin
2. Narmada river basin
3. Godavari river basin
4. Kaveri river basin
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Godavari river basin
Explanation
Ganga is first; the Godavari ('Dakshin Ganga') basin is second.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: smaller than the Godavari basin.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: smaller than the Godavari basin.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: after the Ganga, the Godavari has India's largest basin (~10% of area).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: much smaller.
Q108Open question
Which of the following is the place of confluence of the Alaknanda and Bhagirathi?
1. Vishnuprayag
2. Karnaprayag
3. Rudraprayag
4. Devprayag
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Devprayag
Explanation
At Devprayag the Bhagirathi and Alaknanda join and the river is called the Ganga.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Alaknanda meets Dhauliganga here.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Alaknanda meets Pindar here.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Alaknanda meets Mandakini here.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Alaknanda and Bhagirathi meet here to form the Ganga.
Q109Open question
The two volcanic islands in Indian territory are:
1. Kavaratti and New Moore
2. Bitra and Kavaratti
3. Pamban and Barren
4. Narcondam and Barren
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Narcondam and Barren
Explanation
Barren Island has India's only active volcano; Narcondam is a dormant volcano, both in the Andamans.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Kavaratti is a coral island; New Moore was a sediment island.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are Lakshadweep coral islands.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Pamban is not volcanic.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: both are volcanic islands in the Andaman Sea.
Q110Open question
The art of crafting which item in Meerut has received a GI tag?
1. Sports goods
2. Musical instruments
3. Laddoo
4. Scissors
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Scissors
Explanation
Meerut's hand-made scissors, a centuries-old craft, carry a Geographical Indication tag.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Meerut is famous for sports goods, but the GI is for scissors.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the GI-tagged item.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the GI-tagged item.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: 'Meerut Scissors' (Kainchi) received a GI tag.
Q111Open question
In India, the Temperate Forest Research Centre is in which city?
1. Shimla
2. Ranchi
3. Srinagar
4. Dehradun
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Shimla
Explanation
ICFRE's Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla, works on temperate/Himalayan forests.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the Himalayan Forest Research Institute, focused on temperate forests, is in Shimla.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ranchi hosts the Institute of Forest Productivity, not temperate research.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the designated centre.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Dehradun hosts the FRI (national level), not the temperate centre.
Q112Open question
Kanha National Park is located in:
1. Uttarakhand
2. Assam
3. Madhya Pradesh
4. Maharashtra
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Madhya Pradesh
Explanation
Kanha Tiger Reserve in Madhya Pradesh is known for the hard-ground barasingha.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Uttarakhand has Jim Corbett, not Kanha.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Assam has Kaziranga.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Kanha (Mandla–Balaghat) is in Madhya Pradesh.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Maharashtra has Tadoba, not Kanha.
Q113Open question
'Loktak' is a:
1. Valley
2. Lake
3. River
4. Mountain range
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Lake
Explanation
Loktak Lake hosts Keibul Lamjao, the world's only floating national park.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Loktak is not a valley.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Loktak in Manipur is the largest freshwater lake in NE India, with floating phumdis.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Loktak is not a river.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Loktak is not a mountain range.
Q114Open question
Which of the following parks/sanctuaries comes under Project Tiger in Bihar?
1. Valmiki National Park
2. Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary
3. Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary
4. None of these
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Valmiki National Park
Explanation
Valmiki Tiger Reserve (declared 1994) is Bihar's tiger reserve under Project Tiger.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Valmiki (West Champaran) is Bihar's tiger reserve.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a tiger reserve.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a tiger reserve.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Valmiki is a tiger reserve.
Q115Open question
Which of the following is the state animal of Bihar?
1. Cow
2. Bull
3. Buffalo
4. Horse
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Bull
Explanation
Bihar's official state animal is the gaur (Bos gaurus). None of the options names it exactly; 'Bull' is the nearest and is commonly used in Bihar GK books.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the state animal.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Bihar's state animal is the gaur (Indian bison), a wild bovine often listed as 'bull/बैल' in exam material; this is the closest option.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a buffalo is a different animal from the gaur.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the state animal.
Q116Open question
In which year was Nalanda University re-established in Bihar?
1. 2005
2. 2007
3. 2008
4. 2014
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 2014
Explanation
The Nalanda University Act was passed in 2010 and teaching started at Rajgir in September 2014.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: too early.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the idea was endorsed at the East Asia Summit then, but classes had not begun.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the year it reopened.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: the new Nalanda University began academic sessions in 2014 (after the 2010 Act).
Q117Open question
The Karmanasa river originates in:
1. Kaimur district
2. Vaishali district
3. Patna district
4. Bikram district
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Kaimur district
Explanation
The Karmanasa rises in the Kaimur range and forms part of the Bihar–UP border before joining the Ganga.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: it rises in the Kaimur hills (Kaimur district) region.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Vaishali is in the plains north of the Ganga.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not its source.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bikram is a block in Patna, not a district.
Q118Open question
Bihar produces ____% of the pyrite of whole India.
1. 75
2. 85
3. 95
4. 100
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 95
Explanation
Amjhore in Rohtas district is India's main pyrite source; Bihar accounts for about 95%.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: too low.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: too low.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Bihar (Amjhore, Rohtas) produces about 95% of India's pyrite.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: small amounts come from other states too.
Q119Open question
Gold is found in which district of Bihar?
1. Gaya district
2. Jamui district
3. Nalanda district
4. Bhagalpur district
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Jamui district
Explanation
Jamui (Sono block) has large gold ore resources identified by the GSI.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the gold-bearing district.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the Sono (Karmatiya) area of Jamui holds India's largest gold reserve estimate.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the gold-bearing district.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the gold-bearing district.
Q120Open question
Most of Bihar comes under which of the following climate types?
1. Subtropical monsoon
2. Tropical savannah
3. Hot and dry
4. Hot and semi-arid
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Subtropical monsoon
Explanation
Bihar lies in the subtropical zone and receives most rain from the south-west monsoon.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Bihar has a humid subtropical monsoon climate.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: savannah type covers parts of peninsular India.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bihar gets ample monsoon rain.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: semi-arid applies to Rajasthan/Gujarat, not Bihar.
Q121Open question
We apply a force of 200 newtons on a wooden box and push it across the floor at constant velocity. The friction force will be:
1. 100 N
2. 200 N
3. 300 N
4. 400 N
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 200 N
Explanation
By Newton's first law, zero acceleration means the forces balance: friction = 200 N.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: at constant velocity net force is zero, so friction equals 200 N.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: constant velocity means applied force = friction = 200 N.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: friction cannot exceed the applied force if velocity is constant.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not balanced with 200 N.
Q122Open question
A truck starts from rest down a hill with constant acceleration. It covers 400 m in 20 s. If the mass of the truck is 7 tonnes, what is the force acting on it?
1. 11000 N
2. 12000 N
3. 13000 N
4. 14000 N
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 14000 N
Explanation
a = 2s/t² = 800/400 = 2 m/s²; F = ma = 7000 × 2 = 14000 N.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: F = 7000 × 2 = 14000 N.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: F = 7000 × 2 = 14000 N.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: F = 7000 × 2 = 14000 N.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: s = ½at² → 400 = ½a(400) → a = 2 m/s²; F = 7000 kg × 2 = 14000 N.
Q123Open question
The energy consumed in a home in a month is 250 units. The total energy in joules will be:
1. 9 × 10^5 J
2. 8 × 10^6 J
3. 9 × 10^8 J
4. 10^5 J
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 9 × 10^8 J
Explanation
One unit is 1 kWh = 3.6 × 10^6 J, so 250 units = 9 × 10^8 J.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: far too small.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: far too small.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: 1 unit = 1 kWh = 3.6 × 10^6 J; 250 × 3.6 × 10^6 = 9 × 10^8 J.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: far too small.
Q124Open question
In which medium is the speed of sound maximum?
1. Steel
2. Water
3. Air
4. Hydrogen
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Steel
Explanation
Sound is fastest in solids, then liquids, then gases; steel is the fastest medium here.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: sound travels fastest in solids like steel (~5000–6000 m/s).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: about 1500 m/s, slower than steel.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: about 343 m/s, the slowest here.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: about 1270 m/s, still slower than steel.
Q125Open question
The potential energy of a freely falling body continuously decreases. Therefore:
1. The principle of conservation of energy is violated
2. The principle of conservation of energy is not violated
3. Gravitational force is violated
4. Gravitational force is not violated
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) The principle of conservation of energy is not violated
Explanation
As the body falls, potential energy converts to kinetic energy; total mechanical energy is conserved.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: lost potential energy becomes kinetic energy, so energy is conserved.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: PE + KE stays constant (ignoring air resistance).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: meaningless; gravity is what causes the fall.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: irrelevant to the energy question asked.
Q126Open question
A pair of oxen exerts a force of 140 N on a plough. The field ploughed is 15 m long. How much work is done in ploughing the length of the field?
1. 1900 J
2. 2000 J
3. 2100 J
4. 2200 J
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 2100 J
Explanation
Work = force × displacement = 140 N × 15 m = 2100 J.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: W = 140 × 15 = 2100 J.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: W = 140 × 15 = 2100 J.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: W = F × s = 140 × 15 = 2100 J.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: W = 140 × 15 = 2100 J.
Q127Open question
The focal length of a plane mirror is:
1. +1 cm
2. −1 cm
3. 2 cm
4. Infinity
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Infinity
Explanation
A plane mirror can be seen as a sphere of infinite radius, so its focal length is infinite.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a plane mirror has no finite focus.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a plane mirror has no finite focus.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a plane mirror has no finite focus.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: its radius of curvature is infinite, so f = R/2 is infinite.
Q128Open question
Which term in the following does NOT represent electric power in an electric circuit?
1. IR
2. I²R
3. VI
4. V²/R
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) IR
Explanation
Power P = VI = I²R = V²/R. IR is just voltage by Ohm's law.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: IR equals voltage (V), not power.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: P = I²R is a valid power expression.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: P = VI is a valid power expression.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: P = V²/R is a valid power expression.
Q129Open question
During a short circuit, the value of electric current in the circuit:
1. Becomes very low
2. Does not change
3. Increases very sharply
4. Changes continuously
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Increases very sharply
Explanation
In a short circuit, live and neutral touch, resistance falls almost to zero and current rises sharply.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: resistance drops, so current rises.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: current changes sharply.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: near-zero resistance makes current (I = V/R) very large.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the defining feature is a sudden large rise.
Q130Open question
Which device protects equipment from electrical damage due to excess current?
1. Fuse
2. Generator
3. Motor
4. Current controller
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Fuse
Explanation
A fuse is a safety device with a low-melting wire that cuts off excess current.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: a fuse melts and breaks the circuit when current exceeds a safe limit.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a generator produces electricity.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a motor converts electrical to mechanical energy.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the standard safety device.
Q131Open question
The pH value of a 0.1 N HCl solution is approximately:
1. 1.0
2. 11.0
3. 10
4. 2.0
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1.0
Explanation
HCl fully ionises, so [H⁺] = 0.1 mol/L and pH = 1.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: [H⁺] = 0.1 M, so pH = −log(0.1) = 1.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: pH 11 is basic; HCl is a strong acid.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: pH 10 is basic.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: pH 2 would be 0.01 M HCl.
Q132Open question
Which compound is known as a glow-in-the-dark (night glowing) pigment?
1. Europium-doped strontium aluminate
2. Copper sulphide-doped zinc oxide
3. Barium sulphate-doped copper carbonate
4. Boron oxide-doped copper sulphate
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Europium-doped strontium aluminate
Explanation
Europium (and dysprosium) doped strontium aluminate glows for hours after charging with light.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: SrAl₂O₄:Eu is the main long-afterglow phosphor.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the older phosphor was copper-doped zinc sulphide, not this.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a luminous pigment.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a luminous pigment.
Q133Open question
Which material is used for smart film?
1. Indium tin oxide
2. Calcium carbonate
3. Zinc chloride
4. Silica
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Indium tin oxide
Explanation
Smart (PDLC) films sandwich liquid crystals between ITO-coated layers that carry the switching voltage.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: ITO is a transparent conductor used in smart (switchable) films and touchscreens.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not conductive or transparent for this use.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not used for smart films.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: silica is an insulator, not the electrode layer.
Q134Open question
Which metal compound is used for the treatment of carcinoma?
1. Platinum
2. Chromium
3. Iron
4. Chlorine
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Platinum
Explanation
Platinum drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin are used in chemotherapy for many carcinomas.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: cisplatin, a platinum compound, is a key anti-cancer drug.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: chromium compounds are not used for this.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: iron compounds treat anaemia, not cancer.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: chlorine is not a metal.
Q135Open question
Which compound is used in contraceptive pills?
1. Cholecalciferol
2. Levonorgestrel
3. Venlafaxine
4. Cetirizine
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Levonorgestrel
Explanation
Levonorgestrel is a progestogen used in combined and emergency contraceptive pills.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is vitamin D3.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: a synthetic progestin used in regular and emergency pills.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: an antidepressant.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: an antihistamine for allergies.
Q136Open question
Why is oil not stored in a galvanised iron pot?
1. It produces a toxic compound
2. It reduces the quality of oil
3. Corrosion is observed
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) All of the above
Explanation
Galvanised iron is zinc-coated; acids in oil react with zinc, giving harmful compounds, off-flavours and corrosion.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but the other reasons also apply.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but the other reasons also apply.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: true, but the other reasons also apply.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: fatty acids react with the zinc coating, forming toxic zinc compounds, spoiling the oil and corroding the pot.
Q137Open question
Which compound has been used to increase the octane rating of petrol?
1. Trimethylhexane
2. Tetramethyl oxide
3. Tetraethyl lead
4. Triethyl toluene
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Tetraethyl lead
Explanation
Tetraethyl lead (TEL) reduces engine knocking and raises octane number; it has been phased out due to lead pollution.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the classic anti-knock additive.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a standard additive.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: TEL was the classic anti-knock agent (now phased out for health reasons).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a standard additive.
Q138Open question
Full form of the biodegradable polymer PHBV:
1. Polyhydroxy butyl vanillin
2. Poly hydroxy butane veratric acid
3. Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)
4. Poly hydroxybutyric acid veratric acid
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)
Explanation
PHBV, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: incorrect expansion.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: incorrect expansion.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: PHBV is a copolymer of 3-hydroxybutyric and 3-hydroxyvaleric acids.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: incorrect expansion.
Q139Open question
Hormones are secreted by:
1. Sebaceous glands
2. Reproductive glands
3. Exocrine glands
4. Endocrine glands
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Endocrine glands
Explanation
Hormones are chemical messengers secreted by ductless (endocrine) glands into the bloodstream.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: they secrete sebum, not hormones.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: gonads do secrete hormones, but the general answer is endocrine glands.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: exocrine glands release secretions through ducts.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: ductless endocrine glands release hormones directly into the blood.
Q140Open question
Which one of the following terms characterises the interaction between the herpes simplex virus and a human?
1. Parasitism
2. Symbiosis
3. Endosymbiosis
4. Endoparasitism
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Parasitism
Explanation
HSV replicates in human cells and causes disease: a parasitic (+/−) relationship.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the virus benefits and the human host is harmed.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: symbiosis implies mutual benefit.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: endosymbiosis is mutually beneficial (e.g. mitochondria origin).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a subtype; the standard term for this interaction is parasitism.
Q141Open question
Which class of immunoglobulin is the first to be produced in response to an infection?
1. IgG
2. IgA
3. IgM
4. IgE
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) IgM
Explanation
IgM appears first after exposure; IgG follows and gives long-term protection.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: IgG dominates later (secondary) responses.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: IgA protects mucosal surfaces.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: IgM (a pentamer) is the first antibody made in a primary response.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: IgE is involved in allergy and parasites.
Q142Open question
Biological membranes are composed of:
1. Lipids and proteins in varying combinations specific to each species, cell type and organelle
2. Lipids only
3. Proteins only
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Lipids and proteins in varying combinations specific to each species, cell type and organelle
Explanation
Membranes are lipid–protein assemblies (with some carbohydrate) whose ratio differs between cell types.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the fluid mosaic model: a lipid bilayer with proteins, varying by cell type.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: membranes also contain proteins.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: membranes also contain lipids.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option A is correct.
Q143Open question
Which of the following is a nonsense codon?
1. UAA
2. AUG
3. UUU
4. UGC
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) UAA
Explanation
The nonsense (stop) codons are UAA, UAG and UGA.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: UAA (ochre) is a stop codon.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: AUG is the start codon (methionine).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: UUU codes for phenylalanine.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: UGC codes for cysteine.
Q144Open question
Species which are in danger of extinction are known as:
1. Vulnerable
2. Rare
3. Endangered
4. Extinct
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Endangered
Explanation
IUCN's 'Endangered' category covers species facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: vulnerable species face a high (not immediate) risk.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: rare means small populations, not necessarily endangered.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: endangered species are in danger of extinction.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: extinct species no longer exist.
Q145Open question
Which of the following is a Kharif crop?
1. Sugarcane
2. Barley
3. Gram
4. Wheat
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Sugarcane
Explanation
Barley, gram and wheat are winter (rabi) crops; sugarcane is grown through the monsoon season.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: among these, sugarcane is grown through the monsoon and classed with kharif crops; the rest are rabi.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: barley is a rabi crop.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: gram is a rabi crop.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: wheat is a rabi crop.
Q146Open question
Xylem in plants is responsible for which function?
1. Transport of water and dissolved minerals
2. Transport of food
3. Transport of oxygen and other gases
4. Transport of essential amino acids
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Transport of water and dissolved minerals
Explanation
Xylem conducts water and minerals; phloem conducts food.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: xylem carries water and minerals from roots upward.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: food is carried by phloem.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: gases diffuse through stomata and lenticels.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: organic solutes move in phloem.
Q147Open question
Who was the first to use the characteristics of vascular tissues in the classification of plants?
1. Engler and Prantl
2. Bentham and Hooker
3. A.P. de Candolle
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) A.P. de Candolle
Explanation
A.P. de Candolle (who coined 'taxonomy') first used the presence or absence of vascular tissue to classify plants.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: their phylogenetic system came later.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: their natural system did not first use vascular tissue.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: de Candolle divided plants into vascular and cellular groups.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only de Candolle fits.
Q148Open question
The part of the mango that we eat is the:
1. Epicarp
2. Mesocarp
3. Endocarp
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Mesocarp
Explanation
Mango is a drupe; we eat its fleshy mesocarp.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the epicarp is the skin.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the fleshy, juicy mesocarp is the edible part.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the endocarp is the hard stone.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option B is correct.
Q149Open question
Ozone Day is celebrated on:
1. 16 September
2. 5 June
3. 21 April
4. 5 December
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 16 September
Explanation
International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer is 16 September.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the Montreal Protocol was signed on 16 Sept 1987.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: 5 June is World Environment Day.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 21 April is Civil Services Day.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 5 December is World Soil Day.
Q150Open question
In a mycorrhizal association, the advantage to the plant is:
1. Protection
2. Food
3. Both (A) and (B)
4. Increased mineral absorption and disease protection
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Increased mineral absorption and disease protection
Explanation
Mycorrhiza is a mutualism: the fungus aids mineral (especially P) uptake and root protection; the plant supplies carbohydrates.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: partly true, but mineral uptake is the main benefit.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the plant gives sugars to the fungus, not the reverse.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: food is not the plant's gain.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: the fungus boosts phosphorus/water uptake and protects roots from pathogens.

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BPSC – Combined Competitive Examination Prelims 2025: questions with answers

In the following question, out of four words given below, three are alike in some manner and the fourth word is different. Find the different one.

SPRING is written in a code as UNUFRC. How will the word MOBILE be written in that code language?

Mukesh said to his friend, "Rita is the mother of my son's wife's daughter." How is Mukesh related to Rita?

Ram goes North, turns right, then turns right again and then turns left. In which direction is Ram now?

Writing in alphabetical order, which of the following names will appear last?

Nitin is 7 ranks ahead of Joginder in a class of 39. If Joginder's rank is 17th from the last, what is Nitin's rank from the beginning?

If + means ×, × means −, ÷ means + and − means ÷, then 175 − 25 ÷ 5 + 20 × 3 + 10 equals:

Rahul is 3 times as old as Seema. Laxmi was twice as old as Rahul four years ago. In four years' time, Rahul will be 31. What are the present ages of Seema and Laxmi?

Find the missing number from the given alternatives: 28 20 7 84 ? 12 45 25 9

RAIN is written in a code as 8$%6 and MORE is written as 7#8@. How will REMAIN be written in that code language?

How many bronze medals were won by Bihar players in the 38th National Junior Athletics Championship 2025?

Which districts in Bihar will benefit from the Kosi-Mechi Link Project?

Which Indian languages are accorded the status of Classical Language?

Which organisation recognised the Nagi Bird Sanctuary site as an Important Bird and Biodiversity Area (IBA)?

Where was the National Panchayati Raj Day 2025 event organised?

What is the primary objective of the Lunar Trailblazer mission?

Afrikaners refers to which people?

What is the name of the 16th-century stepwell that the Archaeological Survey of India recently conserved in collaboration with the World Monuments Fund India?

What is the name of the city mayor who proclaimed April 14, 2025, as Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Day in New York City?

What is the permanent slogan for the Eurovision Song Contest?

What is true of the GSLV-F15 mission by ISRO?

What is true of the 18th G20 Summit?

The UN climate conference held in Baku in 2024 concluded with an agreement that:

Han Kang, awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2024 — her novel 'The Vegetarian' won which other prestigious award?

Which glacier of Nepal among the following was declared 'dead' in May 2025?

According to the UNDP Human Development Report 2025, life expectancy in India increased from 58.6 years in 1990 to how many years in 2023?

In which city was the AI Action Summit held in February 2025?

At the 96th Academy Awards (2024), Emma Stone won the Oscar for Actress in a Leading Role for her performance in which film?

Which Gujarati film won the 70th National Film Award for Best Feature Film promoting national, social and environmental values?

Which of the following individuals or organisations was a recipient of the Ramon Magsaysay Award 2024?

Which of the following statements are true about Akashteer?

Which of the following defence platforms are part of India's growing indigenous military ecosystem supported by the Make in India initiative?

Which day is observed as Holocaust Memorial Day?

What is the title of the book by Banu Mushtaq that won the 2025 International Booker Prize?

According to the Indus Waters Treaty, the three eastern rivers are allocated to India. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Which of the following is NOT among the top ten principal commodities of India's export during April–September 2024-25?

According to the India State of Forest Report 2023 (ISFR 2023):

Which of the following countries had a greater share than India in global services exports in 2023?

Which of the following statement/s is/are NOT CORRECT about the U-WIN portal of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare?

Which organisation jointly developed the National Urban Innovation Stack (NUIS) Digital Blueprint with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA)?

Which state had the highest constructed road length under Bharatmala Pariyojana as of 31 October 2024?

Before the launch of the Kisan Rin Portal (KRP), claims under the Interest Subvention and Prompt Repayment Incentive schemes were submitted manually to which institution/s?

India's foreign exchange reserves:

As per NFHS-5 data, which of the following state(s) recorded less than 6% of the population as multidimensionally poor in 2019-20?

According to the Annual PLFS 2023-24 report:

Which of the following was NOT an outcome of the Science, Technology and Innovation Policy 2020?

The share of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) has increased from ____ in 2020-21 to ____ in 2022-23.

What is the primary objective of Bihar's Mission Daksh?

Which of the following is NOT one of the components under the YUVA framework of the Bihar Startup Policy 2022?

Which of the following statement/s is/are correct about Bihar's economic performance in 2023-24?

According to PLFS 2023-24, which of the following statements best describes the nature of employment among women in Bihar?

The power to recruit the secretarial staff of the House of the People is vested in:

The Attorney General of India:

Consider the following subjects belonging to different lists of the Constitution of India. Which of these belong to the Concurrent List? 1) Protection of wildlife 2) Tax on agricultural income 3) Tax on consumption or sale of electricity 4) Price control

Which of the following Directive Principles do NOT follow Gandhian principles? 1) Organisation of village panchayats 2) Uniform Civil Code 3) Promotion of cottage industries in rural areas 4) Right to work

Which pair is NOT correctly matched?

Consider the following statements about the Central Government: 1) Ministries and Departments are formed by the Prime Minister in consultation with the Cabinet Secretary. 2) Every Minister is allocated a Ministry by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister. Of these:

What is true about the proceedings of the State Legislature?

Who among the following determines the qualifications requisite for appointment as a member of the Finance Commission?

Consider the following statements: 1) Summoning of the House means its convocation. 2) Prorogation ends a session. 3) Dissolution terminates a House. 4) Prorogation of a session can be effected by the Leader of the House alone. Which of these is NOT true?

Who is empowered to review the financial position of the Panchayats?

The Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme announced by the Government helps in: 1) Enhancing India's manufacturing capabilities and exports across industries 2) Incentivising foreign investment for domestic production Of these:

What is the main purpose of Panchayati Raj?

What is true about a Censure Motion?

Which one of the following subjects falls within the jurisdiction of both the High Court and the Supreme Court?

Which Indian leader for the first time used the 'safety-valve theory' to attack the Moderates in the Congress?

On which Viceroy was a bomb thrown on the occasion of his state entry into Delhi?

Who got an opportunity to become a Professor of Indian Philosophy in the University of California in 1911?

Name the Principal of M.A.O. College, Aligarh, who encouraged Muslim communalism in the last decades of the 19th century.

'Young India', a nationalist paper, was started by:

Which Commission accentuated the discontent among all political groups and parties for not associating any Indian member with it?

Who assumed command of the Indian National Army and gave the famous battle cry 'Chalo Delhi'?

"We shall either free India or die in the attempt..." Who said it?

Who raised the cry "Divide and Quit"?

Which Act provided for the partition of India into two new dominions – India and Pakistan?

Which Congress leader visited Bihar in 1918 to strengthen the activities of the Home Rule League?

The Champaran Agrarian Committee was appointed as a result of an agreement between:

Who was the prominent leader of the Kisan Sabha movement in Bihar?

Who was killed while hoisting the national flag in the area of Bikram Police Station?

The share of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the country's Gross Value Added (GVA) has increased from in 2020-21 to in 2022-23.