What is the full form of GPT in ChatGPT, recently seen in the news?

Generative Pre-trained Transformer

What was the 'Manhattan Project'?

A research and development undertaking that produced the first nuclear weapons

One of the largest art auctions of the world

A real estate project in New York City

The image formed by a concave mirror is real, inverted and of the same size as the object. The position of the object should be:

between the focus and centre of curvature

A photoelectric cell is a device which:

converts light energy into electrical energy

converts electrical energy into light energy

How do COVID vaccines stimulate an immune response?

By introducing a harmless piece of SARS-CoV-2 virus

By introducing live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 virus

By introducing real SARS-CoV-2 virus

By introducing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus

The double-helix structure of DNA was discovered by:

Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

Two objects of different masses falling freely near the surface of the Moon would:

have the same velocity at any instant

undergo a change in their inertia

experience forces of the same magnitude

How do vector vaccines work to provide immunity?

By placing the virus's genetic material in a modified version of a different virus

By introducing a weakened or inactivated virus into the body

By directly attacking and destroying pathogens in the body

By entering directly into cells and enabling them to create spike proteins

The theory that states 'pieces of the Earth's crust are in constant, slow motion driven by movement in the mantle' is called:

the theory of continental drift

Which one of the following statements regarding Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is correct?

She reigned for 70 years and died at the age of 96.

She reigned for 68 years and died at the age of 94.

She reigned for 72 years and died at the age of 92.

She reigned for 66 years and died at the age of 90.

What was the theme of DefExpo 2022, held in Gujarat?

India: The Emerging Defence Manufacturing Hub

'Net metering' is sometimes seen in the news in the context of promoting:

a billing mechanism crediting solar energy consumers for electricity they add to the grid

the installation of CNG kits in motor cars

the installation of water meters in urban households

the use of piped natural gas in household kitchens

BPSC – Combined Competitive Examination Prelims 2023 Question Paper with Answers

Q1Open question
Which of the following technologies will be enabled by 5G mobile communication networks? 1. Internet of Things 2. Edge Computing 3. Network Slicing
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2 and 3
3. Only 1 and 3
4. 1, 2 and 3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
5G enables massive IoT, low-latency edge computing and virtual network slices for different services.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: network slicing is also a core 5G feature.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: IoT at massive scale is also enabled.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: edge computing is also enabled.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: 5G's low latency and capacity support IoT, edge computing and network slicing.
Q2Open question
Match List-I (Space Mission) with List-II (Exploration): a. Cassini-Huygens b. Juno c. Artemis d. VERITAS 1. Jupiter 2. Saturn and its rings 3. Venus 4. Human spaceflight – Moon to Mars
1. a-1, b-3, c-2, d-4
2. a-4, b-3, c-1, d-2
3. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
4. a-4, b-1, c-3, d-2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Explanation
Cassini-Huygens (Saturn), Juno (Jupiter), Artemis (crewed Moon-to-Mars programme), VERITAS (Venus).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Cassini-Huygens studied Saturn.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Cassini–Saturn, Juno–Jupiter, Artemis–Moon to Mars, VERITAS–Venus.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Artemis is the Moon programme, not Venus.
Q3Open question
Match List-I (Cloth/Fibre) with List-II (Origin): a. Linen b. Coir c. Mohair d. Down 1. Coconut plant 2. Flax plant 3. Feathers of duck and geese 4. Angora goat
1. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
2. a-3, b-1, c-4, d-2
3. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
4. a-3, b-1, c-2, d-4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Explanation
Linen is woven from flax; coir from coconut husk; mohair from Angora goat hair; down is soft under-feathers of ducks and geese.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: linen–flax, coir–coconut, mohair–Angora goat, down–duck/geese feathers.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: linen comes from flax, not feathers.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: coir comes from coconut husk.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
Q4Open question
Consider the following statements: 1. Taeniasis is an intestinal infection caused by three species of tapeworm – Taenia solium, Taenia saginata and Taenia asiatica. 2. When cysts develop in the brain, the condition is referred to as neurocysticercosis (NCC). Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Only 1
2. Only 2
3. Both 1 and 2
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
Explanation
Taeniasis is caused by three Taenia species; T. solium larval cysts in the brain cause neurocysticercosis, a leading cause of epilepsy.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is also correct.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: both match the WHO description of taeniasis and NCC.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: both statements are correct.
Q5Open question
Which of the following are computer languages? 1. Cobra 2. Python 3. Squirrel 4. Java
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 3 and 4
3. Only 1, 2 and 3
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) All of the above
Explanation
All four, despite animal names, are programming languages (Squirrel is a lightweight scripting language).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Squirrel and Java are also programming languages.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Cobra and Python are also programming languages.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Java is also a programming language.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Cobra, Python, Squirrel and Java are all programming languages.
Q6Open question
What is the full form of GPT in ChatGPT, recently seen in the news?
1. Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase
2. GUID Partition Table
3. Grooved Pegboard Test
4. Generative Pre-trained Transformer
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Generative Pre-trained Transformer
Explanation
ChatGPT (OpenAI) is built on the Generative Pre-trained Transformer family of language models.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is a liver enzyme (SGPT).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is a disk-partitioning standard.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a dexterity test.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: GPT stands for Generative Pre-trained Transformer.
Q7Open question
Which of the following are NOT tastes of the tongue? 1. Sweet 2. Bitter 3. Salty 4. Spicy 5. Umami 6. Sour 7. Pungent
1. 2, 5 and 7
2. 1, 3 and 4
3. 4 and 7
4. 3 and 6
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 4 and 7
Explanation
The five basic tastes are sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami; spicy/pungent is sensed by pain receptors.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: bitter and umami are basic tastes.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: sweet and salty are basic tastes.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: spiciness and pungency are pain/heat sensations, not tastes.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: salty and sour are basic tastes.
Q8Open question
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? 1. Anorexia : Sleep disorder 2. Insomnia : Eating disorder 3. Dyspnoea : Shortness of breath 4. Anosmia : Partial or full loss of smell
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2 and 3
3. Only 3 and 4
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Only 3 and 4
Explanation
Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder and insomnia a sleep disorder, so only pairs 3 and 4 are correct.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: these two are swapped: anorexia is an eating disorder, insomnia a sleep disorder.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: pair 2 is wrong.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: dyspnoea is breathlessness; anosmia is loss of smell.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: pairs 1 and 2 are wrong.
Q9Open question
In the universe, what are pulsars?
1. A group of stars
2. Rotating neutron stars
3. Explosion of a star
4. Radio waves emitted by a star
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Rotating neutron stars
Explanation
Pulsars are neutron stars whose beams sweep past Earth like a lighthouse, producing regular pulses.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: that is a cluster.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: pulsars are rapidly spinning, highly magnetised neutron stars emitting beams.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: that is a supernova.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: pulsars emit such waves, but they are the stars themselves.
Q10Open question
In the context of lab-grown diamonds (LGDs), what is used as the starting carbon material ('seed')?
1. White sapphire
2. Moissanite
3. Graphite
4. Cubic zirconia (CZ)
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Graphite
Explanation
Lab-grown diamonds must start from carbon; in the HPHT method graphite is the carbon source (CVD uses a thin diamond seed plate with methane).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: aluminium oxide; contains no carbon.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: silicon carbide; a diamond simulant.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: graphite, a form of carbon, is converted to diamond under high pressure and temperature.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: zirconium dioxide; a diamond simulant.
Q11Open question
What is the fibre used to make bulletproof jackets?
1. Nylon
2. Terylene
3. Tweed
4. Kevlar
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Kevlar
Explanation
Kevlar (DuPont) is a para-aramid fibre about five times stronger than steel by weight.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not strong enough to stop bullets.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a polyester for clothing.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a woollen fabric.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Kevlar, an aramid fibre, has very high tensile strength.
Q12Open question
What is/are the full form(s) of HMX? 1. High Melting Explosive 2. High-Density Monoatomic Xenon 3. Hedge Monetizing Xeno-currency 4. Her Majesty's Explosive
1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. Only 1
4. 1 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 1 and 4
Explanation
HMX is a powerful nitroamine explosive; its acronym is variously expanded as High Melting eXplosive or Her Majesty's eXplosive.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: 2 is not an expansion of HMX.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: neither is an expansion of HMX.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 'Her Majesty's Explosive' is also used.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: HMX (octogen) is called High Melting Explosive or Her Majesty's Explosive.
Q13Open question
What is the name of Tesla's humanoid robot unveiled in 2022?
1. Sophia
2. Atlas
3. Pepper
4. Optimus
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Optimus
Explanation
Tesla showed its Optimus humanoid prototype at AI Day in 2022.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Sophia is by Hanson Robotics.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Atlas is by Boston Dynamics.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Pepper is by SoftBank.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Tesla's humanoid robot is Optimus.
Q14Open question
What was the 'Manhattan Project'?
1. A research and development undertaking that produced the first nuclear weapons
2. One of the largest art auctions of the world
3. A real estate project in New York City
4. A famous theme park
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) A research and development undertaking that produced the first nuclear weapons
Explanation
The Manhattan Project (1942–46), led by Oppenheimer at Los Alamos, produced the atomic bombs used in 1945.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the WWII US-led programme that built the first atomic bombs.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
Q15Open question
The image formed by a concave mirror is real, inverted and of the same size as the object. The position of the object should be:
1. at the focus
2. at the centre of curvature
3. between the focus and centre of curvature
4. beyond the centre of curvature
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) at the centre of curvature
Explanation
For a concave mirror, an object at C (2f) forms a real, inverted, same-size image at C.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: image forms at infinity.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: object at C gives a same-size, real, inverted image at C.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: image is enlarged beyond C.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: image is diminished between F and C.
Q16Open question
A photoelectric cell is a device which:
1. converts light energy into electrical energy
2. converts electrical energy into light energy
3. stores light energy
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) converts light energy into electrical energy
Explanation
Photoelectric cells convert incident light into electric current (used in sensors, automatic doors, solar cells).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: it uses the photoelectric effect to produce current from light.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: that is a bulb/LED.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: it does not store energy.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option A is correct.
Q17Open question
In chemistry, the amount of solute present per unit volume or per unit mass of the solution/solvent is known as:
1. composition of solute
2. concentration of solvent
3. concentration of solute
4. concentration of solution
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) concentration of solution
Explanation
NCERT defines the concentration of a solution as the amount of solute in a given amount of solution or solvent.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the standard term.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: it measures solute, not solvent.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the standard term is the concentration of the solution.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: concentration of a solution = amount of solute per unit volume/mass.
Q18Open question
How do COVID vaccines stimulate an immune response?
1. By introducing live attenuated SARS-CoV-2 virus
2. By introducing real SARS-CoV-2 virus
3. By introducing a harmless piece of SARS-CoV-2 virus
4. By introducing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) By introducing a harmless piece of SARS-CoV-2 virus
Explanation
Vaccines (mRNA, vector, protein, inactivated) expose the body to harmless viral parts so it makes its own antibodies.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: most approved COVID vaccines are not live-attenuated.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: unsafe; not how vaccines work.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: they present a harmless antigen (e.g. spike protein or its code) to train immunity.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: that is passive immunisation, not vaccination.
Q19Open question
Which of the following liquids is a bad conductor of electricity?
1. Salted water
2. Orange juice
3. Lemon juice
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) None of the above
Explanation
Solutions of salts and acids are electrolytes and conduct electricity; none of the listed liquids is a bad conductor.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: dissolved ions make it a good conductor.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: its acids/ions let it conduct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: citric acid makes it conduct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: all three contain ions and conduct electricity.
Q20Open question
The double-helix structure of DNA was discovered by:
1. James Watson and Francis Crick
2. Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
3. Linus Pauling
4. Gregor Mendel
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) James Watson and Francis Crick
Explanation
Watson and Crick published the DNA double-helix model in Nature in 1953, using Franklin's X-ray images.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: they proposed the double-helix model in 1953.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: their X-ray data were key, but the model was Watson and Crick's.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: he proposed an incorrect triple helix.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: father of genetics; did not study DNA.
Q21Open question
Two objects of different masses falling freely near the surface of the Moon would:
1. have different accelerations
2. undergo a change in their inertia
3. have the same velocity at any instant
4. experience forces of the same magnitude
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) have the same velocity at any instant
Explanation
On the airless Moon all bodies fall with the same acceleration (~1.62 m/s²), so released together they have equal velocities.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: free-fall acceleration is independent of mass.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: inertia depends on mass, which does not change.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: with no air and equal acceleration, their velocities stay equal.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: force (weight) is proportional to mass, so differs.
Q22Open question
How do vector vaccines work to provide immunity?
1. By introducing a weakened or inactivated virus into the body
2. By directly attacking and destroying pathogens in the body
3. By placing the virus's genetic material in a modified version of a different virus
4. By entering directly into cells and enabling them to create spike proteins
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) By placing the virus's genetic material in a modified version of a different virus
Explanation
Viral-vector vaccines (e.g. Covishield) use a modified adenovirus to deliver the spike-protein gene.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: that describes attenuated/inactivated vaccines.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: vaccines do not attack pathogens directly.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: a harmless 'vector' virus carries the target gene into cells.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: that describes mRNA vaccines.
Q23Open question
The process that continually adds new crust is:
1. subduction
2. earthquake
3. seafloor spreading
4. convection
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) seafloor spreading
Explanation
At divergent mid-ocean ridges, seafloor spreading continuously creates new crust (Harry Hess).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: subduction destroys crust.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: earthquakes do not create crust.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: magma rising at mid-ocean ridges forms new oceanic crust.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: convection drives plates but does not itself add crust.
Q24Open question
The theory that states 'pieces of the Earth's crust are in constant, slow motion driven by movement in the mantle' is called:
1. the theory of continental drift
2. the theory of Pangaea
3. the theory of plate tectonics
4. the theory of plate boundaries
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) the theory of plate tectonics
Explanation
Plate tectonics (1960s) describes rigid plates moving over the asthenosphere, driven by mantle convection.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Wegener's theory lacked a mantle-driven mechanism.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Pangaea is a supercontinent, not a theory of motion.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: plate tectonics explains lithospheric plates moving over the mantle.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a recognised theory.
Q25Open question
What is the expanded form of 'mRNA', widely discussed since the beginning of the pandemic?
1. Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
2. Mutant Ribonucleic Acid
3. Modified Ribonucleic Acid
4. Mnemonic Ribonucleic Acid
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
Explanation
mRNA vaccines (Pfizer, Moderna) deliver messenger RNA that tells cells to make the spike protein.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: mRNA carries genetic instructions from DNA to ribosomes.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: incorrect.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: incorrect.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: incorrect.
Q26Open question
An AC current can be produced by:
1. choke coil
2. dynamo
3. transformer
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) dynamo
Explanation
A rotating coil in a magnetic field (dynamo/generator) induces alternating current.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a choke limits AC; it does not generate it.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: an AC dynamo (generator) produces alternating current by electromagnetic induction.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a transformer only changes AC voltage.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a dynamo produces AC.
Q27Open question
Current density is:
1. a scalar quantity
2. a vector quantity
3. dimensionless
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) a vector quantity
Explanation
Current density J = I/A points in the direction of positive charge flow, so it is a vector.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: current is scalar, but current density has direction.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: current density J has magnitude and direction (A/m²).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: it has units of A/m².
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: it is a vector.
Q28Open question
What is the basis of the most useful classification of medicines for medicinal chemists?
1. Pharmacological effect
2. Molecular targets
3. Chemical structure
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Molecular targets
Explanation
Drugs that act on the same biomolecular target (enzyme, receptor) often share structure, making this basis most useful.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: useful to doctors, but not the most useful for chemists.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: NCERT notes classification by molecular targets is most useful to medicinal chemists.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: similar structures can have different actions.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: molecular targets is correct.
Q29Open question
Which of the following slows down the rate of a reaction?
1. Catalytic promoter
2. Homogeneous catalyst
3. Heterogeneous catalyst
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) None of the above
Explanation
Reactions are slowed by inhibitors (negative catalysts or poisons), not by promoters or ordinary catalysts.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: promoters increase catalyst activity.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: catalysts generally speed up reactions.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: catalysts generally speed up reactions.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: only inhibitors/negative catalysts slow reactions, and none is listed.
Q30Open question
Input (sensory) and output (motor) nerves meet at the:
1. liver
2. central nervous system
3. heart
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) central nervous system
Explanation
Sensory neurons carry signals to the CNS; motor neurons carry responses from it (e.g. reflex arc via spinal cord).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a nervous organ.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the brain and spinal cord integrate sensory input and motor output.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a nervous organ.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the CNS is correct.
Q31Open question
In the context of 'shipwreck tourism', shipwrecks in Indian waters have been explored at Sunchi Reef, Amee Shoals and Grande Island. Where are these locations?
1. Off the coast of Goa
2. Off the coast of Lakshadweep
3. Off the coast of Tamil Nadu
4. Off the coast of Odisha
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Off the coast of Goa
Explanation
Goa's Grande Island, Sunchi Reef and Amee Shoals are known wreck-diving sites.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: these wreck sites lie off Goa (near Mormugao/Vasco).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not these sites.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not these sites.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not these sites.
Q32Open question
The G20 members represent: 1. around 85% of global GDP 2. about 50% of global trade 3. about two-thirds of the world population Which of the above statistics is/are correct?
1. Only 1
2. Only 1 and 3
3. 1, 2 and 3
4. Only 1 and 2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Only 1 and 3
Explanation
G20: about 85% of world GDP, over 75% of trade and about two-thirds of the population.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 3 is also correct.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: G20 has ~85% of GDP and ~two-thirds of population; trade share is ~75%, not 50%.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 understates trade (~75%).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is wrong.
Q33Open question
Who was the head of Russia's Wagner mercenary group?
1. Sergei Shoigu
2. Yevgeny Prigozhin
3. Aleksandr Lukashenko
4. Volodymyr Zelenskyy
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Yevgeny Prigozhin
Explanation
Yevgeny Prigozhin headed the Wagner Group; he died in a plane crash in August 2023.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: he was Russia's Defence Minister.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Prigozhin led Wagner and staged a mutiny in June 2023.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: President of Belarus.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: President of Ukraine.
Q34Open question
The Global Gender Gap Report is released by:
1. the World Bank
2. UN Women
3. the World Economic Forum
4. the UNDP
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) the World Economic Forum
Explanation
The World Economic Forum's Global Gender Gap Report ranks countries on economic, education, health and political parity.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the publisher.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the publisher.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the WEF publishes it annually since 2006.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: UNDP publishes the Gender Inequality Index, not this report.
Q35Open question
Which one of the following statements regarding Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is correct?
1. She reigned for 70 years and died at the age of 96.
2. She reigned for 68 years and died at the age of 94.
3. She reigned for 72 years and died at the age of 92.
4. She reigned for 66 years and died at the age of 90.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) She reigned for 70 years and died at the age of 96.
Explanation
Elizabeth II, Britain's longest-reigning monarch, ruled for 70 years and died on 8 September 2022 aged 96.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: she reigned 1952–2022 and died aged 96.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: both figures are wrong.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: both figures are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: both figures are wrong.
Q36Open question
What was the theme of DefExpo 2022, held in Gujarat?
1. India: The Emerging Defence Manufacturing Hub
2. Path to Pride
3. Synergy for Defence
4. Aatmanirbharta
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Path to Pride
Explanation
DefExpo 2022 at Gandhinagar (October 2022) was themed 'Path to Pride' and showcased Indian firms only.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: this was the DefExpo 2020 theme.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: DefExpo 2022 (Gandhinagar) had the theme 'Path to Pride'.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the theme.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the official theme.
Q37Open question
The three-day Thadingyut festival is celebrated in which country?
1. Chile
2. Nepal
3. Germany
4. Myanmar
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Myanmar
Explanation
Thadingyut marks the end of the Buddhist Lent (Vassa) in Myanmar with lamps and lights.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not celebrated there.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not a Nepali festival.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not celebrated there.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Thadingyut is Myanmar's Festival of Lights, ending Buddhist Lent.
Q38Open question
Consider the following statements regarding the White House: 1. Its address is 1800 Pennsylvania Avenue. 2. It is the official residence and workplace of the President of the USA. 3. On 1 November 1800, John Adams became the first President to take residence in the building. 4. It is a symbol of American democracy. Which of the above statements are correct?
1. 1, 3 and 4
2. Only 2 and 3
3. Only 3 and 4
4. 2, 3 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 2, 3 and 4
Explanation
The White House is at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington D.C.; John Adams first moved in on 1 Nov 1800.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the address is 1600, not 1800.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 4 is also correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: only the address (1600 Pennsylvania Ave) is wrong.
Q39Open question
'Net metering' is sometimes seen in the news in the context of promoting:
1. the installation of CNG kits in motor cars
2. the installation of water meters in urban households
3. a billing mechanism crediting solar energy consumers for electricity they add to the grid
4. the use of piped natural gas in household kitchens
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) a billing mechanism crediting solar energy consumers for electricity they add to the grid
Explanation
Under net metering, consumers pay only for net consumption (imports minus solar exports).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: net metering credits rooftop-solar users for power exported to the grid.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
Q40Open question
Match List-I (Colour) with List-II (Combination): a. Magenta b. Teal c. Mauve d. Cyan 1. Green and blue 2. Red and blue 3. Blue, green and white 4. Blue, red and white
1. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
2. a-2, b-4, c-3, d-1
3. a-4, b-2, c-1, d-3
4. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
Explanation
In additive mixing red + blue = magenta and green + blue = cyan; teal and mauve are tinted versions.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: magenta = red + blue; teal = blue-green with white; mauve = pale red-blue; cyan = green + blue.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: teal and mauve are swapped.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: magenta is red + blue.
Q41Open question
What is the name of the deep-sea submersible that imploded during a voyage to the Titanic wreck?
1. Alvin
2. Falcon
3. Trident
4. Titan
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Titan
Explanation
OceanGate's Titan submersible imploded near the Titanic wreck in the North Atlantic in June 2023.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Alvin is a US research submersible still in service.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the vessel.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the vessel.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: OceanGate's Titan imploded in June 2023, killing all five aboard.
Q42Open question
Match List-I (Footwear/Fashion Accessory) with List-II (Description): a. Beret b. Stilettos c. Aviators d. Chignon e. Brogue 1. A type of men's footwear 2. A type of sunglasses 3. A type of hat 4. A type of women's footwear 5. A type of hairstyle
1. a-3, b-1, c-4, d-5, e-2
2. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-5, e-1
3. a-5, b-3, c-2, d-4, e-1
4. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4, e-5
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-5, e-1
Explanation
Beret (hat), stilettos (high-heeled women's shoes), aviators (sunglasses), chignon (bun hairstyle), brogue (men's shoe).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: stilettos are women's footwear.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: beret–hat, stilettos–women's footwear, aviators–sunglasses, chignon–hairstyle, brogue–men's footwear.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: beret is a hat.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
Q43Open question
Where did former US President Barack Obama give his much-discussed interview (to CNN, June 2023)?
1. Rome
2. Sarajevo
3. Athens
4. Amsterdam
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Athens
Explanation
The June 2023 Obama–Amanpour interview, in which he commented on minority rights in India, was recorded in Athens.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the venue.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the venue.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Obama spoke to Christiane Amanpour in Athens, Greece.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the venue.
Q44Open question
In the context of sports, which of the following pairs are correctly matched? 1. Flushing Meadows : French Open 2. Venus Rosewater Dish : Wimbledon Trophy (Women) 3. Roland Garros : US Open 4. Australian Open (Women) : Daphne Akhurst Memorial Cup
1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 3
3. 3 and 4
4. 2 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 2 and 4
Explanation
Pairs 1 and 3 are swapped: Flushing Meadows = US Open; Roland Garros = French Open.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Flushing Meadows hosts the US Open.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Roland Garros hosts the French Open.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: pair 3 is wrong.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Venus Rosewater Dish (Wimbledon women) and Daphne Akhurst Cup (Australian Open women) are correct.
Q45Open question
The Ministry of Home Affairs completed the Mother Tongue Survey of India (MTSI) in November 2022 with field videography of how many of the country's languages?
1. 40
2. 233
3. 576
4. 984
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 576
Explanation
The MHA's annual report noted MTSI had video-recorded 576 mother tongues for preservation.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: too few.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the figure.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: MTSI completed videography of 576 languages/mother tongues.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: too many.
Q46Open question
Which state government set up a State-Level Committee for Vulture Conservation, as proposed by the national action plan for vultures?
1. Tamil Nadu
2. Sikkim
3. Assam
4. Meghalaya
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Tamil Nadu
Explanation
Tamil Nadu constituted the committee in 2022 under the Vulture Action Plan 2020–25.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Tamil Nadu formed a state-level vulture conservation committee in 2022.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the state in the news.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the state in the news.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the state in the news.
Q47Open question
Ten captive-bred Asian Giant Tortoises (Manouria emys) were recently released into which National Park?
1. Ntangki National Park
2. Periyar National Park
3. Pench National Park
4. Khangchendzonga National Park
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Ntangki National Park
Explanation
Asian giant tortoises bred at Nagaland Zoological Park were rewilded in Ntangki National Park.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: they were released in Ntangki, Nagaland.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not this release.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not this release.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not this release.
Q48Open question
Which country recently reaffirmed Arunachal Pradesh as an integral part of India?
1. USA
2. Australia
3. Germany
4. Russia
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) USA
Explanation
In 2023 a bipartisan US Senate resolution recognised the McMahon Line and Arunachal Pradesh as Indian territory.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: a US Senate resolution (2023) recognised Arunachal as part of India.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the country in the news.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the country in the news.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the country in the news.
Q49Open question
India's Rudrankksh Balasaheb Patil won which medal in the men's 10 m air rifle at the ISSF World Championship in Cairo?
1. Gold
2. Silver
3. Bronze
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Gold
Explanation
Rudrankksh Patil became world champion in men's 10 m air rifle at Cairo (October 2022).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: he won gold (2022) and a Paris 2024 quota.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: he won gold.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: he won gold.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: he won gold.
Q50Open question
The National Education Policy, 2020 emphasises integrating vocational education into mainstream education from which grade onwards?
1. Grade 6
2. Grade 8
3. Grade 10
4. Grade 12
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Grade 6
Explanation
NEP 2020 proposes vocational exposure from Grade 6, including a 10-day bagless internship period.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: NEP introduces vocational education from Grade 6 with internships.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: it starts earlier.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: it starts earlier.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: it starts earlier.
Q51Open question
India signed the Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (ECTA) with which country?
1. UAE
2. Australia
3. USA
4. UK
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Australia
Explanation
The India–Australia ECTA came into force on 29 December 2022.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: India signed a CEPA, not an ECTA, with the UAE.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the India–Australia ECTA was signed in April 2022.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: no ECTA with the USA.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the India–UK deal is a CETA/FTA, not ECTA.
Q52Open question
The Plain Language Act, requiring officials to use simple, easily understood English in official documents and websites, was recently passed by which country?
1. Australia
2. Ireland
3. New Zealand
4. Germany
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) New Zealand
Explanation
New Zealand's Plain Language Act 2022 requires public agencies to communicate clearly.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not this Act.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not this Act.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: New Zealand passed the Plain Language Act in October 2022.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not an English-language law.
Q53Open question
Fossils of Tillyardembiids, among the world's earliest plant pollinators, were recently discovered in which country?
1. Greece
2. India
3. Russia
4. China
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Russia
Explanation
Permian insects called Tillyardembiids, found in Russia's Urals, carried pollen on their bodies.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the discovery site.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the discovery site.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the 280-million-year-old fossils were found in the Ural region of Russia.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the discovery site.
Q54Open question
The 'Lisbon Declaration', which made headlines, is associated with the conservation of which entity?
1. Air
2. Mountains
3. Oceans
4. Freshwater glaciers
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Oceans
Explanation
The 2022 UN Ocean Conference in Lisbon adopted the declaration 'Our Ocean, Our Future, Our Responsibility'.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: adopted at the UN Ocean Conference, Lisbon (2022).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
Q55Open question
Which of the following animals was not known to the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation?
1. Bull
2. Horse
3. Elephant
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Horse
Explanation
The horse is largely absent from Harappan evidence (Surkotada remains are debated), unlike bulls, elephants and rhinos.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the humped bull is common on seals.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: there is no clear evidence of the horse in Harappan culture.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: elephants appear on seals.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the horse was not known.
Q56Open question
Which of the following is not a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
1. Qutb Minar
2. Red Fort
3. India Gate
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) India Gate
Explanation
Delhi's World Heritage Sites are Qutb Minar complex, Humayun's Tomb and Red Fort complex.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a World Heritage Site (1993).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a World Heritage Site (2007).
- (C) Correct
  Correct: India Gate is not on the UNESCO list.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: India Gate is not a WHS.
Q57Open question
The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution was borrowed from the Constitution of:
1. England
2. Switzerland
3. Ireland
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Ireland
Explanation
Ireland also inspired the nomination of Rajya Sabha members and the method of electing the President.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the UK gave parliamentary government.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the source.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: DPSPs are modelled on the Irish Constitution (1937).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ireland is correct.
Q58Open question
Sikkim became a full-fledged State of the Indian Union in:
1. 1974
2. 1975
3. 1976
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 1975
Explanation
After a 1975 referendum, the 36th Amendment admitted Sikkim as a full state.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: it became an associate state in 1974.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the 36th Amendment made Sikkim the 22nd state on 16 May 1975.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: too late.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 1975 is correct.
Q59Open question
Which of the following currencies is the costliest (highest value)?
1. Euro
2. Pound Sterling
3. US Dollar
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Pound Sterling
Explanation
Among the options, the British pound has the highest exchange value (globally, the Kuwaiti dinar is the costliest).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: worth less than the pound.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: among these, the pound has the highest value per unit.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: worth less than the pound and euro.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the pound is the costliest of the options.
Q60Open question
The Bihar Government planned to make the state 'pollution-free' by reducing carbon emissions by which year?
1. 2022
2. 2024
3. 2030
4. 2047
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 2047
Explanation
Bihar's climate-resilient, low-carbon strategy (prepared with UNEP in 2023) sets a long-term horizon for zero emissions; of the options given, 2047 is the matching year. (The state's net-zero target is also cited as 2070.)
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: already past at the time.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: too near-term.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the stated target year.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: the long-term horizon cited for the goal among these options.
Q61Open question
In Indian art, the construction of 'Stupa', 'Chaitya' and 'Vihara' is related to:
1. Ajivika sect
2. Vaishnava sect
3. Buddhism
4. Shaiva sect
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Buddhism
Explanation
Buddhist architecture: stupa (relic mound), chaitya (prayer hall), vihara (monks' residence).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ajivikas used rock-cut caves (Barabar) but not this trio.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Vaishnavas built temples.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: stupas (relics), chaityas (prayer halls) and viharas (monasteries) are Buddhist.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Shaivas built temples.
Q62Open question
In the context of Indian handicrafts, what is 'Sujini' of Bihar?
1. A type of glassware
2. A metal craft
3. A type of embroidery
4. A type of clay pottery
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) A type of embroidery
Explanation
Sujini embroidery (Bhusura, Muzaffarpur) is made by women on layered cloth and holds a GI tag.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not glassware.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not metal craft.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Sujini is GI-tagged running-stitch embroidery from Muzaffarpur.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not pottery.
Q63Open question
Consider the following statements regarding Vikramshila University in Bihar: 1. It was located in present-day Banka district. 2. It was established by King Gopala I of the Pala dynasty. 3. The Vajrayana sect of Buddhism flourished here. 4. Subjects like law, astronomy, logic, grammar and philosophy were also taught here. Which of the above statements are incorrect?
1. 2 and 3
2. 1 and 4
3. 1 and 2
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 1 and 2
Explanation
Vikramshila (Antichak, Bhagalpur) was founded by Pala king Dharmapala (c. 8th–9th century) and was a centre of Vajrayana.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 3 is correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 4 is correct.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: it was in Bhagalpur district and founded by Dharmapala, not Gopala.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 1 and 2 are incorrect.
Q64Open question
Consider the following statements. The arrival of Babur in India led to the: 1. introduction of gunpowder in the subcontinent 2. introduction of arch and dome in the region's architecture 3. establishment of the Timurid (Mughal) dynasty in the region 4. introduction of cannons in warfare Which of the above statements are correct?
1. Only 1 and 2
2. 1, 2 and 3
3. 3 and 4
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 3 and 4
Explanation
True arches and domes predate Babur (Sultanate era); his lasting impacts were the Mughal dynasty and effective use of cannon.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: arch and dome came with the Delhi Sultanate; gunpowder was known earlier.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is wrong.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Babur founded the Mughal (Timurid) dynasty and used field artillery at Panipat (1526).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 3 and 4 are correct.
Q65Open question
Which port was called 'Bab-ul-Makka' (Gate of Mecca) during the Mughal period?
1. Calicut
2. Surat
3. Cambay
4. Broach
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Surat
Explanation
Pilgrim ships to Mecca sailed from Surat, giving it the name Bab-ul-Makka.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not called so.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Surat was the main port for Haj pilgrims.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not called so.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not called so.
Q66Open question
'Ashta Pradhan' was a Council of Ministers in the:
1. Gupta administration
2. Chola administration
3. Maratha administration
4. Vijayanagara administration
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Maratha administration
Explanation
Shivaji's Ashta Pradhan included the Peshwa, Amatya, Sachiva, Sumant and others.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not Gupta.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not Chola.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Shivaji's council of eight ministers.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not Vijayanagara.
Q67Open question
The painting of 'Bodhisattva Padmapani' is located at:
1. Bagh
2. Ellora
3. Ajanta
4. Badami
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Ajanta
Explanation
The Bodhisattva Padmapani in Ajanta Cave 1 is among the finest examples of ancient Indian painting.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not this painting.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: known for sculpture, not this painting.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the Padmapani painting is in Ajanta Cave 1.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not this painting.
Q68Open question
Consider the following statements: 1. Fa-Hien was a Chinese pilgrim who visited India during the reign of Harsha. 2. Hiuen Tsang was a Chinese Buddhist monk who visited India during the reign of Chandragupta II. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Only 1
2. Only 2
3. Both 1 and 2
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) None of the above
Explanation
Fa-Hien visited c. 399–412 CE (Chandragupta II); Hiuen Tsang visited c. 630–645 CE (Harsha).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Fa-Hien came under Chandragupta II.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Hiuen Tsang came under Harsha.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the rulers are swapped.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: both statements swap the rulers: Fa-Hien–Chandragupta II, Hiuen Tsang–Harsha.
Q69Open question
Match List-I with List-II: a. Charaka b. Brahmagupta c. Varahamihira d. Vishakhadatta 1. Mathematics 2. Medicine 3. Playwright 4. Astrology
1. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
2. a-1, b-2, c-3, d-4
3. a-3, b-2, c-4, d-1
4. a-1, b-4, c-3, d-2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
Explanation
Charaka Samhita (medicine), Brahmasphutasiddhanta (maths), Brihat Samhita (astrology), Mudrarakshasa (Vishakhadatta's play).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Charaka–medicine, Brahmagupta–mathematics, Varahamihira–astrology, Vishakhadatta–playwright.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Charaka was a physician.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
Q70Open question
Who among the following introduced the Persian festival of Nowruz in India?
1. Firuz Shah Tughlaq
2. Alauddin Khilji
3. Balban
4. Iltutmish
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Balban
Explanation
Balban adopted Persian court etiquette (sijda, paibos) and celebrated Nowruz to enhance royal prestige.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not credited with this.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not credited with this.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Balban introduced Persian court customs, including Nowruz.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not credited with this.
Q71Open question
Nathpanthis, Siddhas and Yogis made devotional religion popular in:
1. Northern India
2. Southern India
3. Eastern India
4. Western India
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Northern India
Explanation
NCERT notes that Nathpanthis, Siddhas and Yogis criticised ritual and caste and were popular in northern India.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: these traditions spread mainly across northern India.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the south had the Alvars and Nayanars.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not their main area.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not their main area.
Q72Open question
Consider the following statements regarding Wood's Despatch of 1854: 1. It recommended English as the medium of instruction for higher studies. 2. It laid stress on female education and vocational training. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Only 1
2. Only 2
3. Both 1 and 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Both 1 and 2
Explanation
Wood's Despatch ('Magna Carta of English education') also proposed universities in Calcutta, Bombay and Madras.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is also correct.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the Despatch backed English for higher education and promoted women's and vocational education.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are correct.
Q73Open question
The Maithili language started to develop during the reign of which of the following?
1. Chero dynasty
2. Oiniwar dynasty
3. Karnat dynasty
4. Pithipatis
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Karnat dynasty
Explanation
The Karnat dynasty of Mithila (Simraun) patronised early Maithili; Jyotirishwar Thakur's Varnaratnakara (14th century) dates from Harisimhadeva's reign.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not associated with Maithili's growth.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Maithili flourished further under them (Vidyapati), but its development began earlier.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: under the Karnats, Jyotirishwar wrote Varnaratnakara, the earliest Maithili prose.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Buddhist chiefs of Bodh Gaya; not linked to Maithili.
Q74Open question
Which city served as the capital of the ancient kingdom of Magadha in the early period?
1. Rajagriha
2. Champa
3. Vaishali
4. Pataliputra
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Rajagriha
Explanation
Magadha's first capital was Rajagriha; Udayin later shifted it to Pataliputra.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Rajagriha (Girivraja) was Magadha's early capital.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Champa was the capital of Anga.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Vaishali was the Licchavi capital.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Pataliputra became capital later (Udayin).
Q75Open question
Which of the following statements about the Vernacular Press Act is/are correct? 1. It was enacted by Lord Lytton. 2. It came to be known as the 'Gagging Act'. 3. The Act was repealed by Lord Ripon.
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2 and 3
3. Only 1
4. 1, 2 and 3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
The Vernacular Press Act, 1878 curbed Indian-language newspapers; Ripon repealed it in 1882.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 3 is also correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is also correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statements 2 and 3 are also correct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Lytton passed it in 1878, it was called the Gagging Act, and Ripon repealed it in 1882.
Q76Open question
Which of the following statements about Lord Mayo's Resolution of 1870 are correct? 1. It was the first step that bifurcated Central and Provincial finances. 2. Provincial governments were empowered to administer certain services. 3. It attempted to rectify existing imparity. 4. It focused on the actual needs of the provinces.
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 1, 3 and 4
3. Only 2, 3 and 4
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Explanation
Mayo's 1870 resolution began financial decentralisation: provinces got fixed grants to run services like police, jails, education and health.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: 3 and 4 also describe the resolution's aims.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is also correct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Mayo's financial decentralisation gave provinces fixed grants for services, addressing imbalance and needs.
Q77Open question
Nitisara, an early book on politics, was written by:
1. Kautilya
2. Kamandaka
3. Charaka
4. None of them
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Kamandaka
Explanation
Kamandakiya Nitisara, a Gupta-era work on statecraft, draws on Kautilya's Arthashastra.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Kautilya wrote the Arthashastra.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Kamandaka wrote the Nitisara (Gupta period).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Charaka wrote on medicine.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Kamandaka is correct.
Q78Open question
Futuhat-i-Alamgiri was written by:
1. Ishwardas Nagar
2. Bhimsen
3. Haridas
4. None of them
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Ishwardas Nagar
Explanation
Futuhat-i-Alamgiri by Ishwardas Nagar covers Aurangzeb's reign up to about 1698.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Ishwardas Nagar wrote this account of Aurangzeb's reign.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bhimsen wrote Nuskha-i-Dilkusha.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the author.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ishwardas Nagar is correct.
Q79Open question
According to a Chinese source, Meghavarman, the ruler of Sri Lanka, sent a mission to which Gupta king for permission to build a Buddhist monastery at Gaya?
1. Chandragupta I
2. Samudragupta
3. Chandragupta II
4. None of them
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Samudragupta
Explanation
Wang Xuance's account records Meghavarna's embassy to Samudragupta for the Bodh Gaya monastery.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the king approached.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Meghavarna sought Samudragupta's permission for a monastery at Bodh Gaya.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the king approached.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Samudragupta is correct.
Q80Open question
When was Bihar first separated from the Bengal Presidency in British India?
1. 1912
2. 1936
3. 1947
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1912
Explanation
Bihar (with Orissa) was carved out of Bengal Presidency on 1 April 1912, now celebrated as Bihar Diwas.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Bihar and Orissa province was created on 1 April 1912.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: 1936 is when Orissa separated from Bihar.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Independence year.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 1912 is correct.
Q81Open question
Consider the following statements: 1. Lake Victoria is the third largest freshwater lake in the world by surface area. 2. It is one of the African Great Lakes. 3. It is bordered by four countries – Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda and Kenya. 4. The only outflow from Lake Victoria is the Nile, which exits near Jinja, Uganda. Which of the above statements are incorrect?
1. 1 and 2
2. 2 and 4
3. 3 and 4
4. 1 and 3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 1 and 3
Explanation
Lake Victoria (Tanzania, Uganda, Kenya) is the largest tropical lake and second largest freshwater lake after Lake Superior.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 4 is correct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: it is the second largest freshwater lake, and it borders only three countries (not Rwanda).
Q82Open question
Consider the following statements regarding 'heat wave': 1. A heat wave is considered if the maximum temperature of a station reaches at least 30°C or more for plains. 2. A heat wave is considered if the maximum temperature reaches at least 40°C or more for hilly regions. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Both 1 and 2
2. Only 1
3. Only 2
4. Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2
Explanation
IMD: heat wave if max temperature ≥ 40°C (plains), ≥ 37°C (coast) or ≥ 30°C (hills), with departure criteria.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: the thresholds are swapped.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: plains need 40°C, not 30°C.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: hills need 30°C, not 40°C.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: IMD thresholds are 40°C for plains and 30°C for hills, so both are wrong.
Q83Open question
Match List-I (Explorer) with List-II (Birthplace): a. Christopher Columbus b. Jacques Cartier c. Sir Francis Drake d. Ferdinand Magellan 1. Portugal 2. United Kingdom 3. Italy 4. France
1. a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
2. a-1, b-2, c-4, d-3
3. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
4. a-1, b-4, c-2, d-3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-3, b-4, c-2, d-1
Explanation
Columbus (Genoa), Cartier (Saint-Malo), Drake (Devon) and Magellan (Portugal).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Columbus–Italy (Genoa), Cartier–France, Drake–England, Magellan–Portugal.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Columbus was Italian.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Drake was English, Magellan Portuguese.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Columbus and Magellan are swapped.
Q84Open question
The emirates of the UAE are:
1. Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, Fujairah, Ras Al-Khaimah
2. Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Jeddah, Kuwait, Bahrain, Umm Al-Quwain
3. Umm Al-Quwain, Fujairah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Riyadh, Dammam, Taif, Dubai
4. Sharjah, Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Fujairah, Dubai, Bahrain, Kuwait
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al-Quwain, Fujairah, Ras Al-Khaimah
Explanation
The UAE federation (1971–72) comprises seven emirates, with Abu Dhabi as the capital.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: these are the seven emirates.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Jeddah is Saudi; Kuwait and Bahrain are countries.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Riyadh, Dammam, Taif are Saudi cities.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bahrain and Kuwait are separate countries.
Q85Open question
The Subarnarekha river originates near which village?
1. Ormanjhi
2. Mandar
3. Hehal
4. Nagri
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Nagri
Explanation
Subarnarekha rises near Nagri (Ranchi), forms Hundru Falls and flows through Jharkhand, West Bengal and Odisha.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the source.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the source.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the source.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: it rises near Nagri village, Ranchi (Jharkhand).
Q86Open question
Which of the following National Parks/Wildlife Sanctuaries are in Bihar? 1. Valmiki National Park 2. Dudhwa National Park 3. Gajner Wildlife Sanctuary 4. Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary
1. 1 and 4
2. 2 and 3
3. 1 and 3
4. 2 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1 and 4
Explanation
Dudhwa (Lakhimpur Kheri, UP) and Gajner (Bikaner, Rajasthan) are outside Bihar.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Valmiki (West Champaran) and Bhimbandh (Munger) are in Bihar.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Dudhwa is in UP; Gajner is in Rajasthan.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Gajner is in Rajasthan.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Dudhwa is in UP.
Q87Open question
Consider the following statements regarding the Gangetic Dolphin: 1. It is categorised as 'Endangered' on the IUCN Red List. 2. It does not have a crystalline eye lens, rendering it effectively blind. 3. Navigation and hunting are carried out using echolocation. 4. It has been recognised as India's National Aquatic Animal. Which of the above statements are correct?
1. Only 1, 2 and 4
2. Only 2, 3 and 4
3. Only 1, 3 and 4
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) All of the above
Explanation
The Ganges river dolphin (Susu) is Endangered, nearly blind, uses echolocation and was declared National Aquatic Animal in 2009.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 3 is also correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is also correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: all four statements are correct.
Q88Open question
The other name of the river Gandak is:
1. Burhi Gandak
2. Mahananda
3. Narayani
4. Punpun
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Narayani
Explanation
The Gandak, a Himalayan tributary of the Ganga, is known as Narayani in Nepal and meets the Ganga near Hajipur.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: a separate river.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a separate river.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the Gandak is called Narayani (Sapt Gandaki) in Nepal.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a separate river of south Bihar.
Q89Open question
Gold is found in which of the following districts of Bihar?
1. Munger
2. Saran
3. Siwan
4. Jamui
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Jamui
Explanation
The GSI has identified large gold-bearing reserves in Jamui district.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the gold district.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the gold district.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the gold district.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: Jamui (Sono/Karmatiya) holds Bihar's gold reserves.
Q90Open question
The Triveni Canal has been constructed on which river?
1. Kosi
2. Sone
3. Gandak
4. Mayurakshi
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Gandak
Explanation
The Triveni Canal (built 1909–1914) takes off from the Gandak near Triveni Ghat, West Champaran.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Kosi has the Eastern/Western Kosi canals.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Sone has the Sone canal system.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the Triveni canal draws from the Gandak (West Champaran).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Mayurakshi is in Jharkhand/West Bengal.
Q91Open question
Assertion (A): Rich placer deposits of gold are found on the Ghana coast and gold-bearing veins are found in Brazil. Reason (R): At some point in time, these continents were joined together along the Atlantic coast.
1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
3. A is false but R is true
4. A is true but R is false
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation
Matching gold deposits across the Atlantic is classic evidence for continental drift (Wegener).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the gold source rocks were continuous when Africa and South America were joined.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: R does explain A (continental drift evidence).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: A is true.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: R is true.
Q92Open question
Bihar's geological structure consists of several rock systems. Match the rock systems with their descriptions: a. Dharwar rock system b. Vindhyan rock system c. Quaternary rock system d. Tertiary rock system 1. Created by rapid deposition of alluvium by Himalayan and Peninsular rivers 2. Found in West Champaran district 3. Part of the oldest Archaean rock system 4. Sandstone, limestone, dolomite, quartzite and shale are the main constituents
1. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
2. a-1, b-3, c-2, d-4
3. a-2, b-3, c-4, d-1
4. a-4, b-2, c-3, d-1
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
Explanation
In Bihar, Tertiary (Shivalik) rocks occur in the north of West Champaran; Quaternary alluvium covers the Ganga plain.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Dharwar–Archaean, Vindhyan–sandstone/limestone, Quaternary–alluvium, Tertiary–West Champaran (Shivalik).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Dharwar is not alluvial.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
Q93Open question
Which of the following is the world's richest region from a marine biodiversity perspective, comprising 21 islands with estuaries, beaches, nearshore forests, seagrasses, coral reefs, salt marshes and mangroves?
1. Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve
2. Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve
3. Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve
4. Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve
Explanation
The Gulf of Mannar (Tamil Nadu) was India's first marine biosphere reserve and is home to the dugong.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: its 21 islands and coral/seagrass ecosystems make it exceptionally rich.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a Himalayan reserve.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: a mangrove delta, not 21 islands with coral reefs.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a terrestrial mountain reserve.
Q94Open question
What is the local time at Thimphu (Bhutan), located at 90° East longitude, when it is 12:00 noon at Greenwich (0°)?
1. 6:00 p.m.
2. 4:00 p.m.
3. 7:00 p.m.
4. 6:00 a.m.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 6:00 p.m.
Explanation
Each degree of longitude equals 4 minutes; places east are ahead, so 90°E is 6 hours ahead.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: 90° × 4 min = 360 min = 6 hours ahead → 6 p.m.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is only 4 hours ahead.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 7 hours would be 105°E.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: east of Greenwich is ahead, not behind.
Q95Open question
Which of the following statements is correct?
1. Natural gas is found in the Dharwar rock formation.
2. Mica is found in Koderma.
3. The Cuddapah series is famous for diamonds.
4. Petroleum reserves are found in the Aravalli hills.
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Mica is found in Koderma.
Explanation
Koderma was once called the 'mica capital of India'.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: natural gas is found in sedimentary (Tertiary) rocks.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Koderma (Jharkhand) is famous for mica.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Cuddapah is known for building stones/barytes; Vindhyan (Panna) for diamonds.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Aravallis are ancient folded rocks without petroleum.
Q96Open question
How many parallels of latitude are there on the globe if drawn at 1° intervals?
1. 180
2. 178
3. 179
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 179
Explanation
NCERT: at 1° intervals there are 89 parallels in each hemisphere; with the equator the total is 179.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: miscounts the equator/poles.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: leaves out the equator.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: 89 in each hemisphere plus the equator = 179 (poles are points).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 179 is the NCERT answer.
Q97Open question
The average height of the Kosi plain above mean sea level is:
1. 300 m
2. 150 m
3. 30 m
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 30 m
Explanation
The north Bihar plains slope only ~15–20 cm per km, so the Kosi plain is low and flood-prone.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: far too high for the Ganga plain.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: too high.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the very flat Kosi plain lies around 30 m above sea level.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 30 m is the accepted answer.
Q98Open question
On which plateau do the Tropic of Cancer and the Indian Standard Time meridian (82.5°E) intersect?
1. Bundelkhand
2. Baghelkhand
3. Malwa
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Baghelkhand
Explanation
23.5°N meets 82.5°E near the Koriya/Surguja area, part of the Baghelkhand plateau.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Bundelkhand lies further west.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the intersection lies in the Baghelkhand plateau (northern Chhattisgarh).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Malwa is far to the west.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Baghelkhand is correct.
Q99Open question
Which district of Uttarakhand is NOT situated along the Tibet border?
1. Uttarkashi
2. Chamoli
3. Almora
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Almora
Explanation
Uttarkashi, Chamoli and Pithoragarh border Tibet (China); Almora does not.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: borders Tibet.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: borders Tibet.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Almora is an interior district with no international border.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Almora does not border Tibet.
Q100Open question
Where does the El Niño current flow?
1. The Pacific Ocean
2. The Indian Ocean
3. The Bay of Bengal
4. More than one of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) The Pacific Ocean
Explanation
El Niño is a warm current appearing off Peru/Ecuador in the Pacific, often weakening India's monsoon.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: El Niño is warming of the eastern equatorial Pacific off Peru.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: it affects India's monsoon but flows in the Pacific.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not in the Bay of Bengal.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only the Pacific.
Q101Open question
Consider the following statements about the collegium system: 1. The Supreme Court collegium is a five-member body headed by the Chief Justice of India and comprising the four next senior-most judges. 2. Parliament evolved the collegium system by law. 3. Judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts are appointed only through the collegium system. 4. The collegium system was introduced in 1993 by Justice P.N. Bhagwati in the First Judges Case. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Only 1
2. 1 and 2
3. 3 and 4
4. 1 and 3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) 1 and 3
Explanation
The collegium arose from the Second (1993) and Third (1998) Judges Cases; the NJAC (2014) was struck down in 2015.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 3 is also correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: the collegium evolved through judgments, not a law.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: it came from the Second Judges Case (1993, J.S. Verma), not the First.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: the CJI + 4 senior judges recommend, and appointments are made only via this route.
Q102Open question
Consider the following statements regarding the 42nd Amendment: 1. It added three words to the Preamble – 'Socialist', 'Secular' and 'Integrity'. 2. It added eight Fundamental Duties. 3. It added new Directive Principles, i.e. Articles 39A, 43A and 47. 4. It granted the President, in consultation with the Election Commission, power to decide disqualification of members. Which of the above statements are incorrect?
1. 1 and 2
2. 3 and 4
3. 2 and 3
4. 1 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 2 and 3
Explanation
The 42nd Amendment (1976) added 10 Fundamental Duties (Art. 51A) and DPSPs 39A, 43A, 48A.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 4 reflects the 42nd Amendment's changes.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: it added ten Fundamental Duties, and the new DPSPs were 39A, 43A and 48A (Art. 47 is original).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are correct.
Q103Open question
The criteria for a community to be declared a Scheduled Tribe are: 1. indications of primitive traits 2. distinctive culture 3. shyness of contact with the community at large 4. backwardness and geographical isolation Which of the above are correct?
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2, 3 and 4
3. Only 1, 3 and 4
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) All of the above
Explanation
Lokur Committee criteria: primitive traits, distinctive culture, geographical isolation, shyness of contact and backwardness.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: 3 and 4 are also Lokur criteria.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: primitive traits is also a criterion.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: distinctive culture is also a criterion.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: these are the five Lokur Committee (1965) criteria (with backwardness and isolation).
Q104Open question
From which country did the Indian Constitution take the idea of Fundamental Rights?
1. Ireland
2. United States of America
3. United Kingdom
4. Canada
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) United States of America
Explanation
From the USA: Fundamental Rights, judicial review, independent judiciary, removal of judges.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ireland inspired the DPSPs.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the US Bill of Rights inspired Fundamental Rights.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the UK has no written bill of rights.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Canada inspired the federal structure.
Q105Open question
Untouchability is abolished by which Article of the Indian Constitution?
1. Article 14
2. Article 15
3. Article 17
4. Article 22
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Article 17
Explanation
Article 17 abolishes untouchability and makes its practice an offence (Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: equality before law.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: prohibition of discrimination.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Article 17 abolishes untouchability.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: protection against arrest and detention.
Q106Open question
The authority to determine the number of judges in a High Court rests with:
1. The President
2. The Chief Minister of the State
3. The Prime Minister
4. The Parliament
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) The President
Explanation
Unlike the Supreme Court (fixed by Parliament), the strength of each High Court is determined by the President.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the President fixes HC judge strength from time to time.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the CM.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the PM.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Parliament fixes the Supreme Court's strength, not HCs'.
Q107Open question
The Fifth Schedule deals with the administration and protection of the interests of which group?
1. Scheduled Castes
2. Religious minorities
3. Scheduled Tribes
4. Linguistic minorities
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Scheduled Tribes
Explanation
The Fifth Schedule provides for Scheduled Areas and Tribes Advisory Councils in states other than Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the Fifth Schedule's focus.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the Fifth Schedule covers Scheduled Areas and Scheduled Tribes.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not related.
Q108Open question
In which case did the Supreme Court first propound the doctrine of the 'basic structure' of the Constitution?
1. Golaknath vs State of Punjab
2. Kesavananda Bharati vs State of Kerala
3. Minerva Mills vs Union of India
4. Both (A) and (B)
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Kesavananda Bharati vs State of Kerala
Explanation
In Kesavananda Bharati (1973), a 13-judge bench held Parliament cannot alter the Constitution's basic structure.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Golaknath (1967) held Parliament cannot amend FRs, but did not use 'basic structure'.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the 1973 judgment introduced the basic structure doctrine.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Minerva Mills (1980) applied and strengthened it.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: only Kesavananda first laid it down.
Q109Open question
Match the political parties (List-I) with their years of establishment (List-II): a. CPI(M) b. CPI c. Bahujan Samaj Party d. All India Trinamool Congress 1. 1964 2. 1998 3. 1925 4. 1984
1. a-1, b-3, c-4, d-2
2. a-2, b-1, c-4, d-3
3. a-2, b-1, c-3, d-4
4. a-3, b-4, c-1, d-2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-1, b-3, c-4, d-2
Explanation
CPI (1925, Kanpur); CPI(M) split from it in 1964; BSP founded by Kanshi Ram in 1984; TMC by Mamata Banerjee in 1998.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: CPI(M) 1964, CPI 1925, BSP 1984, AITC 1998.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: CPI(M) split in 1964.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: most pairs are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: CPI was founded in 1925.
Q110Open question
Under which Article can the Speaker allow a member of the House to speak in his/her mother tongue?
1. Article 110(1)
2. Article 122(2)
3. Article 120(1)
4. Both (A) and (B)
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Article 120(1)
Explanation
Article 120: business in Parliament is in Hindi or English, but the Speaker/Chairman may permit a member's mother tongue.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: defines Money Bills.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: protects officers regulating procedure from courts.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Article 120(1) proviso lets the presiding officer permit the mother tongue.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: neither is relevant.
Q111Open question
The Foreign Exchange Reserves of RBI include which of the following? 1. Foreign Currency Assets (FCA) 2. Gold 3. Special Drawing Rights (SDR) 4. Reserve Tranche Position
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2, 3 and 4
3. Only 1, 2 and 3
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) All of the above
Explanation
RBI reports reserves in four components: FCA, gold, SDRs and the IMF reserve tranche.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: SDR and RTP are also included.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: FCA, the largest part, is also included.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: the reserve tranche is also included.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: India's forex reserves = FCA + gold + SDRs + reserve tranche position with the IMF.
Q112Open question
Consider the following statements about 'Rules of Origin': 1. They are the criteria needed to determine the national source of a product. 2. They help customs know what regulations and fees apply to a product. 3. They are used for trade statistics. 4. They matter because duties and restrictions often depend on the source of imports. Which of the above statements are correct?
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 3 and 4
3. Only 1, 3 and 4
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) All of the above
Explanation
Rules of origin decide a product's 'economic nationality' for tariffs, quotas, trade remedies and statistics.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: 3 and 4 are also correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: 1 and 2 are also correct.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 2 is also correct.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: all four reflect the WTO description of rules of origin.
Q113Open question
Consider the following statements about infant mortality rate (IMR): 1. It is the probability of dying between birth and exactly 1 year of age, per 10,000 live births. 2. India's IMR in 1950 was about 189.6. 3. In 2019, India's IMR was 30. 4. As per the SRS Bulletin, the state with the highest IMR in 2019 was Uttar Pradesh. Which of the above statements are correct?
1. 1, 2 and 3
2. 2, 3 and 4
3. Only 2 and 3
4. 1 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Only 2 and 3
Explanation
IMR is measured per 1,000 live births; SRS 2019 put India at 30 and Madhya Pradesh highest (46).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: IMR is per 1,000 live births, not 10,000.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Madhya Pradesh, not UP, had the highest IMR in 2019.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: IMR was ~190 around 1950 and 30 in 2019; 1 and 4 are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are wrong.
Q114Open question
Human capital formation as a concept is better explained as a process which enables: 1. individuals of a country to accumulate more capital 2. increasing knowledge 3. increasing skill levels 4. increasing the knowledge, skill levels and capacities of the people of the country
1. Only 1
2. 1 and 2
3. 3 and 4
4. Only 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Only 4
Explanation
NCERT defines human capital formation as increasing the knowledge, skill levels and capacities of a country's people.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: accumulating capital is physical, not human, capital.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: incomplete and partly wrong.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 4 alone is the complete definition.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: human capital formation means raising people's knowledge, skills and capacities.
Q115Open question
Consider the following statements regarding insolvency and bankruptcy: 1. Bankruptcy refers to a financial state in which an individual or entity is unable to pay debts as they fall due. 2. Insolvency refers to a legal process where the debtor's assets are liquidated or reorganised for creditors. 3. Bankruptcy is a state whereas insolvency is the conclusion. 4. The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI) regulates insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. 1, 2 and 3
2. 2, 3 and 4
3. Only 4
4. Only 1 and 2
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Only 4
Explanation
Insolvency is a financial state; bankruptcy is a legal declaration. IBBI (2016) regulates the process under the IBC.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statements 1–3 swap the two terms.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: 2 and 3 are wrong.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: insolvency is the state of inability to pay; bankruptcy is the legal outcome; only 4 is correct.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: these definitions are reversed.
Q116Open question
In which year was the (second) Industrial Policy Resolution adopted?
1. 1956
2. 1954
3. 1952
4. 1950
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 1956
Explanation
India's Industrial Policy Resolutions came in 1948 and 1956; the 1956 one gave the public sector a leading role.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: the Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 classified industries into three schedules.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: no IPR in 1954.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: no IPR in 1952.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: the first IPR was in 1948.
Q117Open question
Consider the following statements about the PLI scheme for IT hardware: 1. It offers production-linked incentives to boost domestic manufacturing of mobile phones and specified electronic components. 2. It has two categories of applicants: global companies and domestic companies. 3. It extends an average incentive of around 8% on net incremental sales for six years. 4. The target segment includes laptops, tablets, all-in-one PCs, servers and Ultra-Small Form Factor (USFF) devices. Which of the above statements are incorrect?
1. 1 and 4
2. 2 and 4
3. 1 and 3
4. 2 and 3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) 1 and 3
Explanation
PLI 2.0 for IT hardware (2023, ₹17,000 crore) covers laptops, tablets, AIO PCs, servers and USFF with ~5% average incentive.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 4 is correct.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are correct.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: mobile phones fall under a separate PLI (LSEM), and the IT hardware incentive is ~5% over six years, not 8%.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is correct.
Q118Open question
Consider the following statements regarding the SVAMITVA scheme: 1. It is a Central Sector Scheme under the Ministry of Mines. 2. It creates geo-positioning infrastructure like a CORS network providing 5 cm-level accuracy. 3. CORS means Cross-Origin Resource Sharing. 4. It establishes clear ownership of property in rural inhabited (Abadi) areas by mapping land parcels with drones. Which of the above statements are incorrect?
1. 2 and 4
2. 1 and 3
3. 2 and 3
4. 1 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 1 and 3
Explanation
SVAMITVA (2020) is run by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj with Survey of India, issuing property cards via drone mapping.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are correct.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: it is under the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, and CORS = Continuously Operating Reference Stations.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is correct.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 4 is correct.
Q119Open question
Which of the following are consequences of a Financial Emergency under Article 360? 1. The President may order the states to reduce salaries and allowances of all or any class of state employees. 2. Money Bills or other financial bills passed by the State Legislature need not be reserved for the President. 3. The President can direct reduction of salaries and allowances of Union employees, including Supreme Court and High Court judges. 4. Money Bills or other financial bills must be reserved for the President's consideration after passage by the State Legislature.
1. Only 1, 3 and 4
2. Only 2
3. Only 1 and 2
4. All of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Only 1, 3 and 4
Explanation
Under Article 360, the Centre can cut salaries (including judges') and require state money bills to be reserved for the President.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: these are the Article 360 consequences.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is the opposite of the rule.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 2 contradicts 4.
Q120Open question
Which of the following factors could potentially contribute to stagflation in the Indian economy? 1. High inflationary pressure due to increased government spending 2. Decline in industrial production and sluggish economic growth 3. Decrease in aggregate demand and consumer spending 4. Appreciation of the domestic currency reducing export competitiveness
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2 and 3
3. Only 1, 3 and 4
4. 1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Only 1 and 2
Explanation
Stagflation combines high inflation with low growth and high unemployment; falling demand or a stronger currency push inflation down.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: stagflation = high inflation (1) + stagnant growth (2).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: falling demand lowers inflation, which is not stagflation.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 3 and 4 tend to reduce inflation.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 3 and 4 are disinflationary.
Q121Open question
As per the Economic Survey 2023, which of the following describe(s) the trend of Foreign Direct Investment in India? 1. It has decreased due to less participation of the private sector. 2. It has increased compared to pre-pandemic levels. 3. It has increased rapidly without decreasing in any year after telecom reforms. 4. It has decreased due to a weak global economic situation.
1. Only 1 and 3
2. 2 and 4
3. 1, 2 and 3
4. Only 4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 2 and 4
Explanation
Economic Survey 2022-23 noted FDI inflows moderated with global slowdown but remained above pre-pandemic levels.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: neither matches the Survey.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: FDI stayed above pre-pandemic levels but dipped amid global weakness.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: 1 and 3 are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 2 is also correct.
Q122Open question
What is the (approximate) current population of Gaya city in Bihar, as per the options given?
1. 5,98,000
2. 3,20,000
3. 7,80,000
4. 2,34,000
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 5,98,000
Explanation
The question says 'district', but Gaya district had ~43.9 lakh people (2011); the options only fit Gaya city, whose projected population is close to 6 lakh.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Gaya city had ~4.7 lakh people in 2011, projected near 6 lakh now; the closest option.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: below even the 2011 figure.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: higher than projections for the city.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: far too low.
Q123Open question
Which of the following statements about non-plan expenditure of the Central Government is correct?
1. It includes interest payments.
2. It includes science and technology.
3. It includes agriculture.
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) It includes interest payments.
Explanation
Non-plan expenditure covered interest, defence, subsidies, pensions and salaries (the plan/non-plan split ended in 2017-18).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: interest payments were the largest non-plan item.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: S&T was mainly plan expenditure.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: agriculture development was plan expenditure.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option A is correct.
Q124Open question
Which of the following is NOT true about globalisation and its impact on India?
1. It has expanded trade in goods and services.
2. It has led to greater flow of FDI.
3. The increase in exports is greater than the increase in imports.
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) The increase in exports is greater than the increase in imports.
Explanation
Post-1991, India's imports (especially oil, electronics, gold) have outpaced exports, keeping a merchandise trade deficit.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: true.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: true.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: imports have grown faster, widening the trade deficit.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option C is not true.
Q125Open question
Consider the following statements about recent Union Government finances: 1. The fiscal deficit reached 9.2% of GDP during the pandemic year FY21. 2. The fiscal deficit moderated to 7.7% of GDP in FY22. 3. Revenue collection over the last two years has gone down. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1. Only 1
2. 1 and 2
3. 2 and 3
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) Only 1
Explanation
Economic Survey 2022-23: fiscal deficit 9.2% (FY21) → 6.7% (FY22), aided by buoyant revenue collection.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: FY21 deficit was 9.2%; FY22 was 6.7% (not 7.7%), and revenue rose.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: FY22 deficit was 6.7%.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: both are wrong.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: statement 1 is correct.
Q126Open question
Which of the following were reasons for the failure of the Revolt of 1857? 1. The military superiority of the British 2. The rebels did not have a unified programme and ideology 3. There was a lack of support from all sections of society
1. Only 1 and 2
2. Only 2 and 3
3. All of the above
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) All of the above
Explanation
Superior British arms and communications, lack of unified leadership/ideology, and non-participation of many rulers, zamindars and the educated class led to failure.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: lack of broad support was also a reason.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: British military superiority was also a reason.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: all three contributed to the revolt's failure.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: all three are valid reasons.
Q127Open question
The cook from Bihar who saved Mahatma Gandhi's life from a poisoning attempt in 1917 was:
1. Muzaffar Ahmad
2. Batak Mian
3. Mir Bakawal
4. None of them
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Batak Mian
Explanation
During the Champaran Satyagraha, indigo planter Irwin's cook Batak Mian foiled a plot to poison Gandhi.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the cook.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Batak Mian refused to serve poisoned milk to Gandhi at Motihari (Champaran).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the cook.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Batak Mian is correct.
Q128Open question
The Bakasht Movement in Bihar during 1937–38 was organised by:
1. Swami Dayanand Saraswati
2. Jayaprakash Narayan
3. Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
4. Peer Ali Khan
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Swami Sahajanand Saraswati
Explanation
The Bakasht movement opposed zamindars' seizure of tenants' land (bakasht land) under Sahajanand's Kisan Sabha.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: founder of Arya Samaj (died 1883).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the organiser.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the Kisan Sabha leader led the Bakasht struggle against eviction from tenanted land.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a 1857 revolutionary of Patna.
Q129Open question
Arrange the following events of India's freedom struggle in chronological order: 1. Home Rule Movement 2. Surat Split 3. Kheda Satyagraha 4. Minto-Morley Reforms
1. 1-3-2-4
2. 2-4-1-3
3. 1-4-2-3
4. 2-3-1-4
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 2-4-1-3
Explanation
Surat Split (1907), Indian Councils Act (1909), Home Rule Leagues (1916), Kheda Satyagraha (1918).
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Surat Split (1907) came first.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Surat 1907 → Minto-Morley 1909 → Home Rule 1916 → Kheda 1918.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: wrong order.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Minto-Morley (1909) precedes Kheda (1918).
Q130Open question
Lord Lytton is NOT associated with which of the following?
1. The Strachey Famine Commission
2. The Arms Act
3. The Vernacular Press Act
4. The Ilbert Bill
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) The Ilbert Bill
Explanation
Lytton (1876–80): Delhi Durbar 1877, VPA and Arms Act 1878, Strachey Commission. Ilbert Bill: Ripon.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: appointed under Lytton (1878).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: passed under Lytton (1878).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: passed under Lytton (1878).
- (D) Correct
  Correct: the Ilbert Bill controversy (1883) was under Lord Ripon.
Q131Open question
Which treaty was signed after the Battle of Buxar?
1. The Treaty of Allahabad
2. The Treaty of Sugauli
3. The Treaty of Bassein
4. The Treaty of Salbai
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) The Treaty of Allahabad
Explanation
After Buxar (1764), Clive signed the Treaty of Allahabad (1765) with Shah Alam II and Shuja-ud-Daula.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: signed in 1765, giving the Company the Diwani of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: ended the Anglo-Nepal War (1816).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: with the Peshwa (1802).
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: ended the First Anglo-Maratha War (1782).
Q132Open question
In which year did the Dutch East India Company establish its factory at Patna?
1. 1635
2. 1632
3. 1643
4. 1648
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 1632
Explanation
The Dutch factory at Patna (1632), trading in saltpetre and textiles, later housed the Patna Collectorate.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the year.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: the Dutch set up their Patna factory in 1632.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the year.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the year.
Q133Open question
In which movement did Mahatma Gandhi first use the hunger strike as a weapon?
1. Non-Cooperation Movement
2. Bardoli Satyagraha
3. Ahmedabad (mill) strike
4. Rowlatt Satyagraha
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Ahmedabad (mill) strike
Explanation
In March 1918 Gandhi fasted to support Ahmedabad mill workers, winning a 35% wage increase.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: later (1920–22).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: led by Vallabhbhai Patel (1928).
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Gandhi's first hunger strike was during the 1918 Ahmedabad mill strike.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: came after (1919).
Q134Open question
During the Quit India Movement of 1942, leaders of Bihar made a significant contribution. Which prominent Bihar leader was known as 'Bihar Kesari' and actively participated in the Quit India Movement?
1. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
2. Shri Krishna Singh
3. Anugrah Narayan Sinha
4. Ram Manohar Lohia
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Shri Krishna Singh
Explanation
Shri Krishna Singh (Sri Babu), the first Chief Minister of Bihar, was called 'Bihar Kesari' and actively participated in the Quit India Movement of 1942. Official key (Series A): B.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: known as 'Deshratna', not 'Bihar Kesari'.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: known as 'Bihar Kesari'; he took an active part in the Quit India Movement.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: known as 'Bihar Vibhuti'.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a socialist leader from UP, not 'Bihar Kesari'.
Q135Open question
In response to the mass agitation of the Champaran Movement, the British Government took which step?
1. Appointed Mahatma Gandhi as Governor of Champaran
2. Enforced strict curfew and imposed martial law
3. Instituted the Champaran Agrarian Committee
4. Declared Champaran an independent state
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Instituted the Champaran Agrarian Committee
Explanation
The committee's report led to the Champaran Agrarian Act, 1918, abolishing the tinkathia system.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: never happened.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the response.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the government set up the Champaran Agrarian Enquiry Committee (1917) with Gandhi as member.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: never happened.
Q136Open question
Match List-I with List-II: a. Servants of India Society b. Tattvabodhini Sabha c. Atmiya Sabha 1. Debendranath Tagore 2. Gopal Krishna Gokhale 3. Ram Mohan Roy 4. Keshab Chandra Sen
1. a-2, b-1, c-3
2. a-2, b-4, c-3
3. a-1, b-2, c-3
4. a-1, b-4, c-3
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) a-2, b-1, c-3
Explanation
Gokhale founded the Servants of India Society (1905); Debendranath Tagore the Tattvabodhini Sabha (1839); Ram Mohan Roy the Atmiya Sabha (1815).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: Gokhale (1905), Debendranath Tagore (1839), Ram Mohan Roy (1815).
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: Tattvabodhini Sabha was Debendranath's.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: Servants of India was Gokhale's.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: a and b are wrong.
Q137Open question
Ambabai, a woman freedom fighter, belonged to which state?
1. Kerala
2. Andhra Pradesh
3. Karnataka
4. Madhya Pradesh
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Karnataka
Explanation
Ambabai of Karnataka took part in the Civil Disobedience Movement and was imprisoned.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not her state.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: not her state.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: Ambabai of Udupi (Karnataka) was jailed for picketing and Khadi work.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: not her state.
Q138Open question
Who among the following was NOT a member of the Cabinet Mission?
1. Pethick-Lawrence
2. A.V. Alexander
3. J. Andrew
4. None of them
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) J. Andrew
Explanation
The Cabinet Mission (1946): Lord Pethick-Lawrence, Sir Stafford Cripps and A.V. Alexander.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: he led the mission.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a member.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: he was not a member.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: J. Andrew was not a member.
Q139Open question
"The Indian National Congress was founded on the basis of the safety-valve theory, to protect the British Government from threats." Which leader said this?
1. C. Rajagopalachari
2. Lala Lajpat Rai
3. Bipin Chandra Pal
4. None of them
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Lala Lajpat Rai
Explanation
Lala Lajpat Rai argued A.O. Hume founded the Congress as a safety valve to protect British rule.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: not associated with this view.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: he advanced the safety-valve view in Young India (1916).
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: not the leader credited.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Lajpat Rai is correct.
Q140Open question
At which session of the Indian National Congress were resolutions on Fundamental Rights passed for the first time?
1. Surat Session, 1907
2. Gaya Session, 1922
3. Karachi Session, 1931
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) Karachi Session, 1931
Explanation
The Karachi session (1931, president Vallabhbhai Patel) passed the Fundamental Rights and Economic Programme resolution drafted by Nehru.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: known for the Moderate–Extremist split.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: known for the Swarajist debate.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: the Karachi session adopted the resolution on Fundamental Rights and Economic Policy.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: Karachi is correct.
Q141Open question
In a certain code language, 'GAME' is written as '$+*%' and 'BEAD' is written as '#%+x'. How will 'MADE' be written in that code language?
1. $+x%
2. *+$%
3. *+x%
4. #+x%
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) *+x%
Explanation
From GAME: G=$, A=+, M=*, E=%; from BEAD: B=#, D=x. So MADE = *+x%.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: $ stands for G, not M.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: D is x, not $.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: M = *, A = +, D = x, E = %.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: # stands for B.
Q142Open question
Q travels East. M travels North. S and T travel in opposite directions. T travels towards the right of Q. Which of the following is definitely true?
1. M and S travel in opposite directions
2. S travels towards West
3. T travels towards North
4. M and S travel in the same direction
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) M and S travel in the same direction
Explanation
Facing East, right is South: T → South, so S → North, which is M's direction.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: S goes North, same as M.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: S goes North.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: T goes South.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: right of East-facing Q is South, so T goes South and S North, same as M.
Q143Open question
Ramesh owns a 100 sq yd plot and acquires 10% more from his neighbour Suresh, who also owns 100 sq yd. After 2 years, Ramesh sells back 10% of his total plot to Suresh. Which of the following is correct?
1. Ramesh's land is more than Suresh's
2. Suresh's land is more than Ramesh's
3. Both are equal
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) Suresh's land is more than Ramesh's
Explanation
Ramesh 100 → 110 → 99; Suresh 100 → 90 → 101. Suresh has more.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: Ramesh ends with 99, Suresh 101.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: Ramesh: 110 − 11 = 99; Suresh: 90 + 11 = 101.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: they differ by 2 sq yd.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: option B is correct.
Q144Open question
Find the odd pair among the following options.
1. Millinery : Hats
2. Brewery : Alcohol
3. Stationery : Paper
4. Snobbery : Shoes
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Snobbery : Shoes
Explanation
Each pair links a trade/place with its product, except snobbery, which means arrogance.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: millinery is hat-making.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: a brewery makes beer/alcohol.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: stationery includes paper goods.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: snobbery is an attitude, unrelated to shoes.
Q145Open question
What should come in place of the question mark (?) in the series 132, 156, ?, 210, 240, 272?
1. 196
2. 182
3. 199
4. 204
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 182
Explanation
Terms are n(n+1): 11×12, 12×13, 13×14, 14×15, 15×16, 16×17.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: differences must be 24, 26, 28, 30, 32.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: 156 + 26 = 182; also 13 × 14 = 182.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: does not fit.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: does not fit.
Q146Open question
Select the missing number from the given alternatives: 44 49 37 52 ? 41 58 35 53
1. 56
2. 77
3. 66
4. 63
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (B) 77
Explanation
In each row, the middle number equals 7 times the difference of the outer numbers.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: (52 − 41) × 7 = 77, not 56.
- (B) Correct
  Correct: middle = (first − third) × 7: (44−37)×7 = 49, (58−53)×7 = 35, (52−41)×7 = 77.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: does not fit the pattern.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: does not fit the pattern.
Q147Open question
Statement: In a one-day cricket match, a team scored 200 runs, of which 160 were made by spinners. Conclusions: 1. 80% of the team consisted of spinners. 2. The opening batsmen were spinners.
1. Only 1 follows
2. Only 2 follows
3. Both 1 and 2 follow
4. Neither 1 nor 2 follows
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (D) Neither 1 nor 2 follows
Explanation
The share of runs tells us nothing about team composition or batting order.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: 80% of runs does not mean 80% of players.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: nothing is said about openers.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: neither follows.
- (D) Correct
  Correct: the statement gives only the share of runs.
Q148Open question
In a code language, GREAT is written as 718222620 and MONK as 13121411. How will VIGOROUS be written?
1. 22187121812619
2. 21177121811619
3. 22187131813620
4. 21187111711620
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 22187121812619
Explanation
G7 R18 E22 A26 T20 and M13 O12 N14 K11 show vowels coded by reverse alphabet position (27 − n).
- (A) Correct
  Correct: consonants keep their position; vowels take reverse position: V22 I18 G7 O12 R18 O12 U6 S19.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: V is 22, not 21.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: O is 12 and S is 19.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: does not follow the rule.
Q149Open question
Find the odd one among the following groups: Q,W,Z,B; B,H,K,M; W,C,G,J; M,S,V,X
1. Q,W,Z,B
2. M,S,V,X
3. W,C,G,J
4. B,H,K,M
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (C) W,C,G,J
Explanation
Three groups follow the gaps +6, +3, +2; W,C,G,J does not.
- (A) Incorrect
  Wrong: follows +6, +3, +2.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: follows +6, +3, +2.
- (C) Correct
  Correct: W→C is +6 but C→G is +4 and G→J is +3, breaking the pattern.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: follows +6, +3, +2.
Q150Open question
Four branches of a company are at M, N, O and P. M is 4 km north of N; P is 2 km south of O; N is 1 km south-east of O. What is the distance between M and P?
1. 5.34 km
2. 6.74 km
3. 28.5 km
4. None of the above
Show answer & explanation
Answer: (A) 5.34 km
Explanation
Horizontal gap = 1/√2 ≈ 0.707 km; vertical gap = 4 − 0.707 + 2 = 5.293 km; distance ≈ 5.34 km.
- (A) Correct
  Correct: with O at origin, N = (0.707, −0.707), M = (0.707, 3.293), P = (0, −2); MP = √(0.5 + 28.02) ≈ 5.34 km.
- (B) Incorrect
  Wrong: too large.
- (C) Incorrect
  Wrong: this is roughly MP², not MP.
- (D) Incorrect
  Wrong: 5.34 km is correct.

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BPSC – Combined Competitive Examination Prelims 2023: questions with answers

Which of the following technologies will be enabled by 5G mobile communication networks? 1. Internet of Things 2. Edge Computing 3. Network Slicing

Match List-I (Space Mission) with List-II (Exploration): a. Cassini-Huygens b. Juno c. Artemis d. VERITAS 1. Jupiter 2. Saturn and its rings 3. Venus 4. Human spaceflight – Moon to Mars

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Which of the following are computer languages? 1. Cobra 2. Python 3. Squirrel 4. Java

What is the full form of GPT in ChatGPT, recently seen in the news?

Which of the following are NOT tastes of the tongue? 1. Sweet 2. Bitter 3. Salty 4. Spicy 5. Umami 6. Sour 7. Pungent

Which of the following pairs are correctly matched? 1. Anorexia : Sleep disorder 2. Insomnia : Eating disorder 3. Dyspnoea : Shortness of breath 4. Anosmia : Partial or full loss of smell

In the universe, what are pulsars?

In the context of lab-grown diamonds (LGDs), what is used as the starting carbon material ('seed')?

What is the fibre used to make bulletproof jackets?

What is/are the full form(s) of HMX? 1. High Melting Explosive 2. High-Density Monoatomic Xenon 3. Hedge Monetizing Xeno-currency 4. Her Majesty's Explosive

What is the name of Tesla's humanoid robot unveiled in 2022?

What was the 'Manhattan Project'?

The image formed by a concave mirror is real, inverted and of the same size as the object. The position of the object should be:

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How do COVID vaccines stimulate an immune response?

Which of the following liquids is a bad conductor of electricity?

The double-helix structure of DNA was discovered by:

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How do vector vaccines work to provide immunity?

The process that continually adds new crust is:

The theory that states 'pieces of the Earth's crust are in constant, slow motion driven by movement in the mantle' is called:

What is the expanded form of 'mRNA', widely discussed since the beginning of the pandemic?

An AC current can be produced by:

Current density is:

What is the basis of the most useful classification of medicines for medicinal chemists?

Which of the following slows down the rate of a reaction?

Input (sensory) and output (motor) nerves meet at the:

In the context of 'shipwreck tourism', shipwrecks in Indian waters have been explored at Sunchi Reef, Amee Shoals and Grande Island. Where are these locations?

The G20 members represent: 1. around 85% of global GDP 2. about 50% of global trade 3. about two-thirds of the world population Which of the above statistics is/are correct?

Who was the head of Russia's Wagner mercenary group?

The Global Gender Gap Report is released by:

Which one of the following statements regarding Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is correct?

What was the theme of DefExpo 2022, held in Gujarat?

The three-day Thadingyut festival is celebrated in which country?

'Net metering' is sometimes seen in the news in the context of promoting:

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What is the name of the deep-sea submersible that imploded during a voyage to the Titanic wreck?

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Where did former US President Barack Obama give his much-discussed interview (to CNN, June 2023)?

In the context of sports, which of the following pairs are correctly matched? 1. Flushing Meadows : French Open 2. Venus Rosewater Dish : Wimbledon Trophy (Women) 3. Roland Garros : US Open 4. Australian Open (Women) : Daphne Akhurst Memorial Cup

The Ministry of Home Affairs completed the Mother Tongue Survey of India (MTSI) in November 2022 with field videography of how many of the country's languages?

Which state government set up a State-Level Committee for Vulture Conservation, as proposed by the national action plan for vultures?

Ten captive-bred Asian Giant Tortoises (Manouria emys) were recently released into which National Park?

Which country recently reaffirmed Arunachal Pradesh as an integral part of India?

India's Rudrankksh Balasaheb Patil won which medal in the men's 10 m air rifle at the ISSF World Championship in Cairo?

The National Education Policy, 2020 emphasises integrating vocational education into mainstream education from which grade onwards?

India signed the Economic Cooperation and Trade Agreement (ECTA) with which country?

The Plain Language Act, requiring officials to use simple, easily understood English in official documents and websites, was recently passed by which country?

Fossils of Tillyardembiids, among the world's earliest plant pollinators, were recently discovered in which country?

The 'Lisbon Declaration', which made headlines, is associated with the conservation of which entity?

Which of the following animals was not known to the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation?

Which of the following is not a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

The concept of Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution was borrowed from the Constitution of:

Sikkim became a full-fledged State of the Indian Union in:

Which of the following currencies is the costliest (highest value)?

The Bihar Government planned to make the state 'pollution-free' by reducing carbon emissions by which year?

In Indian art, the construction of 'Stupa', 'Chaitya' and 'Vihara' is related to:

In the context of Indian handicrafts, what is 'Sujini' of Bihar?

Which port was called 'Bab-ul-Makka' (Gate of Mecca) during the Mughal period?

'Ashta Pradhan' was a Council of Ministers in the:

The painting of 'Bodhisattva Padmapani' is located at:

Consider the following statements: 1. Fa-Hien was a Chinese pilgrim who visited India during the reign of Harsha. 2. Hiuen Tsang was a Chinese Buddhist monk who visited India during the reign of Chandragupta II. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

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The Maithili language started to develop during the reign of which of the following?

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Futuhat-i-Alamgiri was written by:

According to a Chinese source, Meghavarman, the ruler of Sri Lanka, sent a mission to which Gupta king for permission to build a Buddhist monastery at Gaya?

When was Bihar first separated from the Bengal Presidency in British India?

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